DAX formula for Outlier Detection with PERCENTILEX.INC - dax

I am unable to get this DAX to work. This is the correct formula, however, I am missing a key step or something cause the DAX doesn't produce the result. Where am I going wrong in my code?
Measure =
var Q3 = PERCENTILEX.INC(ALL(Analytics[Users]),Analytics[Users],.75)
var Q1 = PERCENTILEX.INC(ALL(Analytics[Users]),Analytics[Users],.25)
var iqr = Q3-Q1
var lower = Q1-iqr*1.5
var upper = Q3+iqr*1.5
return
SWITCH(TRUE(),
SELECTEDVALUE(Analytics[Users])>=upper,"high",
SELECTEDVALUE(Analytics[Users])<=lower ,"low",
BLANK()
Here is some sample data:
Day Index Users
1/1/2020 335
1/2/2020 1131
1/3/2020 1094
1/4/2020 393
1/5/2020 22
1/6/2020 1380
1/7/2020 1607
1/8/2020 1578
1/9/2020 1640
1/10/2020 1368
1/11/2020 477
1/12/2020 634
1/13/2020 1812
1/14/2020 1840
1/15/2020 1802
1/16/2020 1708
1/17/2020 1386
1/18/2020 420
1/19/2020 544
1/20/2020 1527
1/21/2020 1799
1/22/2020 1938
1/23/2020 3000
1/24/2020 1570
1/25/2020 546
1/26/2020 660

Related

Cumulative Count in Power BI/DAX

I have seen many different questions that are similar but nothing that I can find that will work.
I am trying to calculate a "running" total for the amount of support tickets that I had on any given day prior to today. I have a current (today) total queue size, and know for each day whether I added to or removed from that queue.
For example:
Date
Created < Known
Completed < Known
Growth < Known
Total Size < Unknown
10-Jan
100
09-Jan
79
77
+2
102
08-Jan
97
92
+5
107
07-Jan
64
67
-3
104
06-Jan
70
66
-4
100
05-Jan
78
80
+2
102
04-Jan
90
82
-8
94
03-Jan
74
68
+6
100
02-Jan
83
87
-4
106
01-Jan
80
70
+10
116
10-Jan is the only known Total value. The remainder total values are being calculated.
In Excel, this would be a simple formula D3 = D2 + C3.
(Calculated column on 'Table' table)
RecursionWithoutIFAndNoFilter_AlsoThisIsWhatIcouldUnderstandFromYourPost_Sorry =
--RunningGrowth
VAR CurrentDate = 'Table'[Date]
VAR RunningGrowth = CALCULATE(SUM('Table'[Growth < Known]), REMOVEFILTERS('Table'), 'Table'[Date]>=CurrentDate)
--MAXDateInTable (I suppose this means TODAY)
--A change in level (because of SELECTEDVALUE) would mean there are more than one row with 01/10
VAR MaxDate = CALCULATE(MAX('Table'[Date]),REMOVEFILTERS('Table'))
VAR TotalSizeInMaxDate = CALCULATE(SELECTEDVALUE('Table'[Total Size < Unknown]),REMOVEFILTERS('Table'),'Table'[Date] = MaxDate)
--Result
VAR Result = TotalSizeInMaxDate + RunningGrowth
RETURN Result

D3 Filter Issue

I am trying to filter my data list using D3. What I am trying to do is filter my data based on date I specify and threshold value for precipitation.
Here is my code as
$(function() {
$("#datepicker").datepicker();
$("#datepicker").on("change",function(){
//var currentDate = $( "#datepicker" ).datepicker( "getDate" )/1000;
//console.log(currentDate)
});
});
function GenerateReport() {
d3.csv("/DataTest.csv", function(data) {
var startdate = $( "#datepicker" ).datepicker( "getDate" )/1000;
var enddate = startdate + 24*60*60
var data_Date = d3.values(data.filter(function(d) { return d["Date"] >=
startdate && d["Date"] <= enddate} ))
var x = document.getElementById("threshold").value
console.log(data_Date)
var data_Date_Threshold = data_Date.filter(function(d) {return
d.Precipitation > x});
My data set looks like
ID Date Prcip Flow Stage
1010 1522281000 0 0 0
1010 1522281600 0 0 0
1010 1522285200 10 0 0
1010 1522303200 12 200 1.2
1010 1522364400 6 300 2
1010 1522371600 4 400 2.5
1010 1522364400 6 500 2.8
1010 1522371600 4 600 3.5
2120 1522281000 0 0 0
2120 1522281600 0 0 0
2120 1522285200 10 100 1
2120 1522303200 12 1000 2
2120 1522364400 6 2000 3
2120 1522371600 4 2500 3.2
2290 1522281000 0 0 0
2290 1522281600 4 0 0
2290 1522285200 5 200 1
2290 1522303200 10 800 1.5
2290 1522364400 6 1500 3
2290 1522371600 0 1000 2
6440 1522281000 0 0 0
6440 1522281600 4 0 0
6440 1522285200 5 200 0.5
6440 1522303200 10 800 1
6440 1522364400 6 1500 2
6440 1522371600 0 100 1.4
When I use filter function, I have some problems.
What I have found is that when I use x = 2 to filter precipitation value, it does not catch precipitation = 10 or 12. However, when I use x=1, it works fine. I am guessing that it catches only the first number (e.g., if x=2, it regards precipitation = 10 or 12 is less than 2 since it looks only 1 in 10 and 12) Is there anyone who had the same issue what I have? Can anyone help me to solve this problem?
Thanks.
You are comparing strings. This comparison is therefore done lexicographically.
In order to accomplish what you want, you need to first convert these strings to numbers:
var x = Number(document.getElementById("threshold").value)
var data_Date_Threshold = data_Date.filter(function(d) {return Number(d.Precipitation) > x});
Alternatively, floats:
var x = parseFloat(document.getElementById("threshold").value)
var data_Date_Threshold = data_Date.filter(function(d) {return parseFloat(d.Precipitation) > x});

what is the best way to generate random pattern inside of a table

I'v got a table (2d array), c x r. Need to generate a random pattern of connected cells inside of it. No self-crossings and no diagonal-moves. See related picture for example. ex. 1
с = 6, r = 7, the pattern is shown in numbers.
I'w wrote a function for this and it works fine, but I'm looking for hard optimization. In the code below you can see that if the pattern gets into a dead end it just rebuilds itself from the start. That is very inefficient if the pattern length is close or equals to the number of cells, c*r (42 in the example). So some smart solution is needed for this, like moving the whole pattern symmetrically when it runs out of possible moves or to add some analytics to the function so it never cathes up in the dead ends. Again, for the low values of c, r and patternLength my example works fine, but I'm looking for algorithmic perfection and high performance even on pretty high numbers.
function ClassLogic:generatePattern()
--[[ subfunctions ]]
--choosing next point for the pattern
local move = function( seq )
--getting the last sequence point
local last = seq[#seq]
-- checking the nearness of walls
local
wallLeft,
wallRight,
wallUp,
wallDown =
(last.c==1),
(last.c==config.tableSize.c),
(last.r==1),
(last.r==config.tableSize.r)
-- checking the nearness of already sequenced points
local
spLeft,
spRight,
spUp,
spDown =
(utilities.indexOfTable( seq, { c = last.c - 1, r = last.r } )~=-1),
(utilities.indexOfTable( seq, { c = last.c + 1, r = last.r } )~=-1),
(utilities.indexOfTable( seq, { c = last.c, r = last.r - 1 } )~=-1),
(utilities.indexOfTable( seq, { c = last.c, r = last.r + 1 } )~=-1)
local leftRestricted = (wallLeft or spLeft)
local rightRestricted = (wallRight or spRight)
local upRestricted = (wallUp or spUp)
local downRestricted = (wallDown or spDown)
if ( leftRestricted and rightRestricted and upRestricted and downRestricted ) then
-- dead end
print('d/e')
return nil
else
-- go somewhere possible
local possibleDirections = {}
if (not leftRestricted) then possibleDirections[#possibleDirections+1] = 1 end
if (not rightRestricted) then possibleDirections[#possibleDirections+1] = 2 end
if (not upRestricted) then possibleDirections[#possibleDirections+1] = 3 end
if (not downRestricted) then possibleDirections[#possibleDirections+1] = 4 end
local direction = possibleDirections[math.random( 1, #possibleDirections )]
if (direction==1) then
--next point is left
return { c = last.c - 1, r = last.r }
elseif (direction==2) then
--next point is right
return { c = last.c + 1, r = last.r }
elseif (direction==3) then
--next point is up
return { c = last.c, r = last.r - 1 }
elseif (direction==4) then
--next point is down
return { c = last.c, r = last.r + 1 }
end
end
end
--[[ subfunctions end ]]
-- choose random entry point
local entry = { c = math.random( 1, config.tableSize.c ),
r = math.random( 1, config.tableSize.r ) }
-- start points sequence
local pointSequence = { [1] = entry }
-- building the pattern
local succeed = false
while (not succeed) do
for i = 2, self.patternLength do
local nextPoint = move( pointSequence )
if (nextPoint~=nil) then
pointSequence[i] = nextPoint
if (i==self.patternLength) then succeed = true end
else
pointSequence = { [1] = entry }
break
end
end
end
return pointSequence
end
Any ideas or approaches on how this could be realized would be highly appreciated. Maybe some recursive backtracker or a pathfinding or a random-walk algorithms?
The snake-style growing is not enough for good performance.
The main idea is to randomly modify the path being generated by adding small detours like the following:
- - 6 - - - - 8 - -
- - 5 - - - 6 7 - -
- - 4 1 - ===> - 5 4 1 -
- - 3 2 - - - 3 2 -
- - - - - - - - - -
(note the additional two cells added to the left of 4-5 segment)
Such implementation works very fast for area filling < 95%
local function generate_path(W, H, L)
-- W = field width (number of columns) -- c = 1..W
-- H = field height (number of rows) -- r = 1..H
-- L = path length, must be within range 1..W*H
assert(L >= 1 and L <= W * H, "Path length is greater than field area")
local function get_idx(x, y)
return x >= 1 and x <= W and y >= 1 and y <= H and (y - 1) * W + x
end
local function get_x_y(idx)
local x = (idx - 1) % W + 1
local y = (idx - x) / W + 1
return x, y
end
local function random_sort(array)
for last = #array, 2, -1 do
local pos = math.random(last)
array[pos], array[last] = array[last], array[pos]
end
end
local path_sum_x = 0
local path_sum_y = 0
local path_ctr = 0
local is_unused = {} -- [idx] = true/nil (or idx recently swapped with)
local function mark_as_unused(idx, value)
local x, y = get_x_y(idx)
path_sum_x = path_sum_x - x
path_sum_y = path_sum_y - y
path_ctr = path_ctr - 1
is_unused[idx] = value or true
end
local function mark_as_path(idx)
local x, y = get_x_y(idx)
path_sum_x = path_sum_x + x
path_sum_y = path_sum_y + y
path_ctr = path_ctr + 1
is_unused[idx] = nil
end
for x = 1, W do
for y = 1, H do
is_unused[get_idx(x, y)] = true
end
end
-- create path of length 1 by selecting random cell
local idx = get_idx(math.random(W), math.random(H))
mark_as_path(idx)
local path = {first = idx, last = idx, [idx] = {}}
-- path[idx] == {next=next_idx/nil, prev=prev_idx/nil}
local function grow()
local variants = {
{dx=-1, dy=0, origin="last"}, {dx=1, dy=0, origin="last"},
{dx=0, dy=-1, origin="last"}, {dx=0, dy=1, origin="last"},
{dx=-1, dy=0, origin="first"}, {dx=1, dy=0, origin="first"},
{dx=0, dy=-1, origin="first"}, {dx=0, dy=1, origin="first"}
}
random_sort(variants)
for _, vector in ipairs(variants) do
local x, y = get_x_y(path[vector.origin])
local idx = get_idx(vector.dx + x, vector.dy + y)
if is_unused[idx] then
if vector.origin == 'first' then
-- add new first cell of the path
local old_first = path.first
path[old_first].prev = idx
path[idx] = {next = old_first}
path.first = idx
else
-- add new last cell of the path
local old_last = path.last
path[old_last].next = idx
path[idx] = {prev = old_last}
path.last = idx
end
mark_as_path(idx)
return true
end
end
end
local function shrink()
if math.random(2) == 2 then
-- remove first cell of the path
local old_first = path.first
local new_first = assert(path[old_first].next)
path[old_first] = nil
path.first = new_first
path[new_first].prev = nil
mark_as_unused(old_first)
else
-- remove last cell of the path
local old_last = path.last
local new_last = assert(path[old_last].prev)
path[old_last] = nil
path.last = new_last
path[new_last].next = nil
mark_as_unused(old_last)
end
end
local function inflate()
local variants = {}
local idx1 = path.first
repeat
local idx4 = path[idx1].next
if idx4 then
local x1, y1 = get_x_y(idx1)
local x4, y4 = get_x_y(idx4)
local dx14, dy14 = x4 - x1, y4 - y1
local dx, dy = dy14, dx14
for side = 1, 2 do
dx, dy = -dx, -dy
local x2, y2 = x1 + dx, y1 + dy
local idx2 = get_idx(x2, y2)
local idx3 = get_idx(x2 + dx14, y2 + dy14)
if is_unused[idx2] and is_unused[idx3] then
table.insert(variants, {idx1, idx2, idx3, idx4})
end
end
end
idx1 = idx4
until not idx4
if #variants > 0 then
local idx1, idx2, idx3, idx4 =
(table.unpack or unpack)(variants[math.random(#variants)])
-- insert idx2 and idx3 between idx1 and idx4
path[idx1].next = idx2
path[idx2] = {prev = idx1, next = idx3}
path[idx3] = {prev = idx2, next = idx4}
path[idx4].prev = idx3
mark_as_path(idx2)
mark_as_path(idx3)
return true
end
end
local function euclid(dx, dy)
return dx*dx + dy*dy
end
local function swap()
local variants = {}
local path_center_x = path_sum_x / path_ctr
local path_center_y = path_sum_y / path_ctr
local idx1 = path.first
repeat
local idx2 = path[idx1].next
local idx3 = idx2 and path[idx2].next
if idx3 then
local x1, y1 = get_x_y(idx1)
local x2, y2 = get_x_y(idx2)
local x3, y3 = get_x_y(idx3)
local dx12, dy12 = x2 - x1, y2 - y1
local dx23, dy23 = x3 - x2, y3 - y2
if dx12 * dx23 + dy12 * dy23 == 0 then
local x, y = x1 + dx23, y1 + dy23
local idx = get_idx(x, y)
local dist2 = euclid(x2 - path_center_x, y2 - path_center_y)
local dist = euclid(x - path_center_x, y - path_center_y)
if is_unused[idx] and dist2<dist and is_unused[idx]~=idx2 then
table.insert(variants, {idx1, idx2, idx3, idx})
end
end
end
idx1 = idx2
until not idx3
if #variants > 0 then
local idx1, idx2, idx3, idx =
(table.unpack or unpack)(variants[math.random(#variants)])
-- swap idx2 and idx
path[idx1].next = idx
path[idx] = path[idx2]
path[idx3].prev = idx
path[idx2] = nil
mark_as_unused(idx2, idx)
mark_as_path(idx)
return true
end
end
local actions = {grow, inflate, swap}
repeat
random_sort(actions)
local success
for _, action in ipairs(actions) do
success = action()
if success then
break
end
end
if not success and path_ctr < L then
-- erase and rewind
while path_ctr > 1 do
shrink()
end
end
until path_ctr >= L
while path_ctr > L do
shrink()
end
local pointSequence = {}
local idx = path.first
local step = 0
repeat
step = step + 1
path[idx].step = step
local x, y = get_x_y(idx)
pointSequence[step] = {c = x, r = y}
idx = path[idx].next
until not idx
local field = 'W = '..W..', H = '..H..', L = '..L..'\n'
for y = 1, H do
for x = 1, W do
local c = path[get_idx(x, y)]
field = field..(' '..(c and c.step or '-')):sub(-4)
end
field = field..'\n'
end
print(field)
return pointSequence
end
Usage example:
math.randomseed(os.time())
local pointSequence = generate_path(6, 7, 10)
-- pointSequence = {[1]={r=r1,c=c1}, [2]={r=r2,c=c2},...,[10]={r=r10,c=c10}}
Result examples:
W = 5, H = 5, L = 10
- - - 9 10
- 6 7 8 -
- 5 4 1 -
- - 3 2 -
- - - - -
W = 5, H = 5, L = 19
15 16 17 18 19
14 1 2 3 4
13 12 11 6 5
- - 10 7 -
- - 9 8 -
W = 6, H = 7, L = 35
- 35 34 25 24 23
- - 33 26 21 22
- 31 32 27 20 19
- 30 29 28 - 18
- 1 10 11 12 17
3 2 9 8 13 16
4 5 6 7 14 15
W = 19, H = 21, L = 394
77 78 79 84 85 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 254 255
76 75 80 83 86 117 116 115 114 141 140 139 138 135 134 131 130 253 256
73 74 81 82 87 88 89 112 113 142 145 146 137 136 133 132 - 252 257
72 69 68 67 92 91 90 111 - 143 144 147 148 149 150 151 152 251 258
71 70 65 66 93 108 109 110 163 162 161 160 159 158 157 156 153 250 259
58 59 64 63 94 107 166 165 164 191 192 193 196 197 - 155 154 249 260
57 60 61 62 95 106 167 168 189 190 - 194 195 198 241 242 243 248 261
56 55 54 53 96 105 170 169 188 203 202 201 200 199 240 239 244 247 262
47 48 51 52 97 104 171 172 187 204 205 206 231 232 237 238 245 246 263
46 49 50 99 98 103 174 173 186 209 208 207 230 233 236 267 266 265 264
45 42 41 100 101 102 175 184 185 210 211 228 229 234 235 268 269 270 271
44 43 40 39 38 177 176 183 214 213 212 227 226 225 276 275 274 273 272
33 34 35 36 37 178 179 182 215 216 217 218 223 224 277 278 279 280 281
32 29 28 23 22 - 180 181 12 11 10 219 222 287 286 285 284 283 282
31 30 27 24 21 18 17 14 13 8 9 220 221 288 289 290 291 292 293
380 381 26 25 20 19 16 15 394 7 4 3 304 303 300 299 296 295 294
379 382 383 384 387 388 391 392 393 6 5 2 305 302 301 298 297 312 313
378 371 370 385 386 389 390 347 346 343 342 1 306 307 308 309 310 311 314
377 372 369 364 363 350 349 348 345 344 341 340 333 332 319 318 317 316 315
376 373 368 365 362 351 352 353 354 355 338 339 334 331 320 321 322 323 324
375 374 367 366 361 360 359 358 357 356 337 336 335 330 329 328 327 326 325

MATLAB genetic algorithm optimization returns integer values higher than boundaries and violates inequality constraints. Why?

I'm using MATLAB R2016a genetic algorithm optimization toolbox to optimize 80 integer values. I have these constraints:
x(80) > x(79) > x(78) > x(77) > x(76) ... x(5) > x(4) > x(3) > x(2) > x(1)
The range for all integer variables is between 1 and 500. I used this code in MATLAB:
f = #(x)Cost_function(x, my_data);
num_of_var = 80;
for mx = 1:num_of_var-1
A(mx,:) = [zeros(1,mx-1),1,-1, zeros(1,num_of_var-mx-1)];
end
b = repmat(-3, [num_of_var-1,1]);
lb = ones([num_of_var-1,1]);
up = repmat(500,[num_of_var-1,1]);
options = optimoptions('ga');
options.Display = 'iter';
options.PopulationSize = 200;
options.UseParallel = 0;
IntCon = 1:1:num_of_var;
[x, fval, exitflag] = ga(f, num_of_var, A, b, [], [], lb, up,[] ,IntCon, options);
Is this code correct? In some cases this code returns integer higher than boundaries. For example this is first return of this code for cost function:
11 89 129 136 168 191 208 232 267 299 306 312 312 270 270 293 297 296 283 192 188 239 241 239 226 212 212 301 275 231 221 210 179 182 200 224 227 258 270 264 225 204 183 199 202 236 305 310 313 276 272 259 256 336 329 310 303 303 296 289 275 235 233 232 194 196 203 268 294 313 340 336 333 263 260 257 265 275 409 174964160
Otherwise this output structure doesn't satisfy my mentioned constraints. why?
Why higher than boundaries.
I think you are talking about the last number in your result: 174964160. That is because you use num_of_var-1 instead of num_of_var in the calculation of lb and up.
Does not satisfy inequality constraints.
You may need to do more iterations. Otherwise you can model this differently. Instead of using variables x with x(k) <= x(k+1) - 3, use variables dx(k)>=3 indicating the difference between x(k) and x(k+1).

Image Compression MATLAB Code outputs pixellated image?

I would really appreciate it if anyone could point out the mistakes in my code. I am trying to encode and decode an image by reading it in, performing DCT, Quantization then dequantizing it and performing inverse DCT. After running this code, the output Image, I2 is kind of pixellated. I have no idea how to fix it. The output should be somewhat similar to the original image but slightly blurred as it has undergone compression. Please help! My code is as follows :-
I = imread('cameraman.tif');
I = im2double(I);
T = dctmtx(8); % dct matrix
%Performing DCT on blocks of 8 by 8
dct = #(block_struct) T * block_struct.data * T';
B = blockproc(I,[8 8],dct);
B = ceil(B);
% A Standard Quantization Matrix
q_mtx = [16 11 10 16 24 40 51 61;
12 12 14 19 26 58 60 55;
14 13 16 24 40 57 69 56;
14 17 22 29 51 87 80 62;
18 22 37 56 68 109 103 77;
24 35 55 64 81 104 113 92;
49 64 78 87 103 121 120 101;
72 92 95 98 112 100 103 99];
%PErforming Quantization by Dividing with q_mtx on blocks of 8 by 8
c = #(block_struct) (block_struct.data) ./ q_mtx;
B2 = blockproc(B,[8 8],c);
% B2 = ceil(B2)
%Performing Inverse Quantization By Multiplying with q_mtx on Blocks of 8
%by 8
B3 = blockproc(B2,[8 8],#(block_struct) q_mtx .* block_struct.data);
%Performing Inverse DCT on Blocks of 8 by 8
invdct = #(block_struct) T' * block_struct.data * T;
% B3 = ceil(B3);
I2 = blockproc(B3,[8 8],invdct);
imshow(I), figure, imshow(I2)

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