Display text on another process' screen (overlay) - windows

I have a question, its more an OS-based one.
I'm playing a video game and I want to be able to put a textual timer ontop of the game's screen as if it was a part of the game itself.
Now, I can write a program in any language that displays a TextBox with a timer on the screen, but if I run it, the game's process (lets call it game.exe) "loses" its focus and I get my TextBox focused and interactive by the OS.
Is there any option to display that text "ontop" of the game.exe that comes from an entire different process? as if there were "layers" to the screen. Also, this text shouldn't be intractable, clickable or make the game.exe process lose its focus.
Here's a very simple example I drew:
Thanks a lot!

Solved this using a window trick with python and tkinter with some windows api stuff.
The trick is to create a transparent non-clickable window and keep it always on top.
I've basically combined this answer with a bunch of simpler stuff like removing window's border and set to auto fullscreen.
from tkinter import *
import time
import win32gui
import win32api
from win32api import GetSystemMetrics
# WIDTH = 500
# HEIGHT = 500
WIDTH = GetSystemMetrics(0)
HEIGHT = GetSystemMetrics(1)
LINEWIDTH = 1
TRANSCOLOUR = 'gray'
title = 'Virtual whiteboard'
global old
old = ()
global HWND_t
HWND_t = 0
tk = Tk()
# tk.title(title)
tk.lift()
tk.wm_attributes("-topmost", True)
tk.wm_attributes("-transparentcolor", TRANSCOLOUR)
tk.attributes('-fullscreen', True)
state_left = win32api.GetKeyState(0x01) # Left button down = 0 or 1. Button up = -127 or -128
canvas = Canvas(tk, width=WIDTH, height=HEIGHT, highlightthickness=0)
canvas.pack()
canvas.config(cursor='tcross')
canvas.create_rectangle(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT, fill=TRANSCOLOUR, outline=TRANSCOLOUR)
canvas.create_text(WIDTH/2,HEIGHT/2,fill="white",font="Arial 20", text="TEXT GOES HERE")
def putOnTop(event):
event.widget.unbind('<Visibility>')
event.widget.update()
event.widget.lift()
event.widget.bind('<Visibility>', putOnTop)
def drawline(data):
global old
if old !=():
canvas.create_line(old[0], old[1], data[0], data[1], width=LINEWIDTH)
old = (data[0], data[1])
def enumHandler(hwnd, lParam):
global HWND_t
if win32gui.IsWindowVisible(hwnd):
if title in win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd):
HWND_t = hwnd
win32gui.EnumWindows(enumHandler, None)
tk.bind('<Visibility>', putOnTop)
tk.focus()
running = 1
while running == 1:
try:
tk.update()
time.sleep(0.01)
if HWND_t != 0:
windowborder = win32gui.GetWindowRect(HWND_t)
cur_pos = win32api.GetCursorPos()
state_left_new = win32api.GetKeyState(0x01)
if state_left_new != state_left:
if windowborder[0] < cur_pos[0] and windowborder[2] > cur_pos[0] and windowborder[1] < cur_pos[1] and windowborder[3] > cur_pos[1]:
drawline((cur_pos[0] - windowborder[0] - 5, cur_pos[1] - windowborder[1] - 30))
else:
old = ()
except Exception as e:
running = 0
print("error %r" % (e))

Related

Close all windows except for the starting window in tkinter

In this code below, I made a simple route guidance by opening defined windows each time I press a specific button e.g.) Mainmenu -> Classroom Floor -> Classroom No.
I'm trying to make a 'Home' button that will close all open windows except for the first Main Menu window with WELCOME written.
For example, after I press btn7, btn702, then I have 4 windows open. I would like to add a 'Home' button that will close 3 newly open windows and leave the first window alive. How might I make this kind of button?
from os import system
from tkinter import *
from PIL import ImageTk, Image
mainmenu = Tk()
mainmenu.title("CAU 310 GUIDE MAP")
mainmenu.geometry("1280x800+0+0")
canvas = Canvas(mainmenu, width = 1280, height = 800)
canvas.pack(fill='both', expand = True)
canvas.create_text(640, 250, text = 'WELCOME', font=times 45)
btnclassroom = Button(mainmenu, padx=5, pady=5,text="Classroom", font="times 30", command=selectfloor)
btnclassroom.place(x=140, y=570)
def selectfloor():
mainmenu = Tk()
mainmenu.title("DESTINATION")
mainmenu.geometry("1280x800+0+0")
mainmenu.config(bg='white')
canvas = Canvas(mainmenu, width = 1280, height = 800)
canvas.pack(fill='both', expand = True)
canvas.create_text(640, 150, text = 'Select floor of classroom', font='Arial 40')
btn7=Button(mainmenu, padx=4, pady=4, text="7F", font="Arial 42 bold", command=floor7)
btn7.place(x=160-5, y=490)
def floor7():
mainmenu = Tk()
mainmenu.title("FLOOR 7")
mainmenu.geometry("1280x800+0+0")
canvas = Canvas(mainmenu, width = 1280, height = 800)
canvas.pack(fill='both', expand = True)
canvas.create_text(640, 150, text = 'Select classroom No.', font='Arial 40')
btn702=Button(mainmenu, padx=3, pady=3, text="No.702", font="Arial 38 bold", command=room702)
btn702.place(x=100+220*1, y=240)
mainmenu.mainloop()
def room702():
mainmenu = Tk()
mainmenu.title("Elevator 1")
mainmenu.geometry("1280x800+0+0")
lobby = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open("1F_elevator1.jpg"), master=mainmenu)
canvas = Canvas(mainmenu, width = 1280, height = 800)
canvas.pack(fill='both', expand = True)
canvas.create_image(0, 0, image=lobby,anchor = "nw")
mainmenu.mainloop()
mainmenu.mainloop()
**I've been googling around for this kind of matter, and I think I've got a hint of making the 'selectfloor', 'floor7', 'room702' window as a children widget. But I'm still not sure how to make it happen.
You can store the windows in a list, and then iterate over the list to destroy them.
Here's a simplified example. This example uses Toplevel windows rather than instances of Tk. It's not clear why you're using multiple instances of Tk, but in general you should only ever have one. This same technique works with any sort of widgets, however.
import tkinter as tk
windows = []
def delete_all_but_first():
for window in windows[1:]:
window.destroy()
def new_window():
window = tk.Toplevel(root)
windows.append(window)
window.title(f"Window #{len(windows)}")
root = tk.Tk()
windows.append(root)
del_all = tk.Button(root, text="Delete all", command=delete_all_but_first)
new = tk.Button(root, text="New window", command=new_window)
new.pack(side="top", padx=20, pady=20)
del_all.pack(side="top", padx=20, pady=20)
root.mainloop()
There's an optimization you can make if you use Toplevel instead of Tk, and if you always make the windows direct children of the root window. In that case you can just iterate over all children of root, and delete any window that is a top-level.
In this case, you don't need to maintain the windows list.
def delete_toplevels():
for child in root.winfo_children():
if child.winfo_class() == "Toplevel":
child.destroy()
def new_window():
window = tk.Toplevel(root)
window.title(f"Window #{len(windows)}")
...
del_all = tk.Button(root, text="Delete all", command=delete_toplevels)

GUI plot refreshing incorrectly on wxpython panel

Ok, so I've been tasked with creating a VERY simple GUI at work (I'm an intern). The task is to eventually connect to a machine and process real data, but right now I'm working on randomly generated sine data with noise. I've chose to work in Python 3.0, and use wxpython to create my GUI components.
As I want everything to appear on the same window, I'm using panels (hence wx.lib.plot.PlotCanvas rather than something like matplotlib.pyplot)
The problem that I have is that over time, the plot seems to 'expand' off of the panel. This is temporarily solved when I manually resize the window, but resumes again immediately after (you need to run the code to see what I mean).
Expansion over time in panel
Another problem (that has bugged me since I have started writing the code) is that sometimes when I resize the window (manually) or minimize it and then maximize it again, the timer randomly starts and stops.
I have tried all sorts of things (changing padding in sizers, extra arguments, changing time between refreshes GetBestSize()) but I believe that I simply don't understand wxpython well enough to identify where the problem is
I would really appreciate any help you can shed on either of these problems (I don't know, they might even be linked to each other).
FYI: I am not an experienced coder, and my code is not finished (I have more functions to code, but I feel like I should resolve this first). I have constructed this code by looking at different techniques from various tutorials and websites like stackoverflow, so I know it's not formatted well and could definitely be made more efficient. Also, I have removed some parts just to be safe about confidentiality - nothing important, just strings in messages.
PS: If you do have an easier way to do the whole plot/update thing that doesn't have this problem (preferably still in wx) I would be thrilled to hear that as well
And here's my code:
EDIT: Solved the expanding problem by using self.p2.SetSize((W+0,L+0)) instead of (self.p2.GetBestSize())
EDIT: Made transitions much smoother by just regenerating data and redrawing it on existing canvas in the evt_timer function (instead of recreating the whole canvas, which gave a blink-y appearance if you know what I mean)
import wx
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from scipy.optimize import leastsq
import wx.lib.plot as plot
import time
import os
wildcard = "Text File (*.txt)|*.txt|"\
"Picture (*.png)|*.png|"\
"All files (*.*)|*.*"#This wildcard shows the options for file endings in the "SAVE" tab - see OnSave(self,event)
wildcard2 = "Picture (*.png)|*.png|"\
"Text File (*.txt)|*.txt|"\
"All files (*.*)|*.*"
class PlotCanvas(plot.PlotCanvas):
def __init__(self,parent,id,size,accepted):
"""
This randomly generates sine data (with noise) and plots it to a panel.
Incorporated as a separate class instead of instatiating it as a plot.PlotCanvas object
to overcome an issue of the size of the plot in the panel.
"""
plot.PlotCanvas.__init__(self,parent,id,style=wx.BORDER_SUNKEN,size = size)
N = 100 # number of data points
self.t = np.linspace(0, 4*np.pi, N)
f = 1.15247 # Optional!! Advised not to use
self.data = 3.0*np.sin(f*self.t+0.001) + 0.5 + np.random.randn(N) # create artificial data with noise
guess_mean = np.mean(self.data)
guess_phase = 0
guess_freq = 1
guess_amp = 1
optimize_func = lambda x: x[0]*np.sin(x[1]*self.t+x[2]) + x[3] - self.data
est_amp, est_freq, est_phase, est_mean = leastsq(optimize_func, [guess_amp, guess_freq, guess_phase, guess_mean])[0]
fine_t = np.arange(0,max(self.t),0.1)
data_fit=est_amp*np.sin(est_freq*fine_t+est_phase)+est_mean
multiplier = 1
dataset1 = [(x,[d for d in self.data][[td for td in self.t].index(x)])for x in [td for td in self.t]]
fitdata1 = [(x,[df for df in data_fit][[tf for tf in fine_t].index(x)]) for x in [tf for tf in fine_t]]
dataset =[(x,y*multiplier) for (x,y) in dataset1]
fitdata = [(x,y*multiplier) for (x,y) in fitdata1]
self.data = dataset
self.data2 = fitdata
line = plot.PolyLine(self.data,legend = 'random',colour = 'light blue', width =2)
line2 = plot.PolyLine(self.data2,legend = 'sineline',colour ='black',width =2)
a = []
if "D" in accepted:
a.append(line)
if "S" in accepted:
a.append(line2)
if "G" in accepted:
pass
if "L" in accepted:
pass
gc = plot.PlotGraphics(a,'Line Graph','X','Y')
xmin = self.t[0]-0.01*(self.t[-1]-self.t[0])
xmax = self.t[-1]+0.01*(self.t[-1]-self.t[0])
self.Draw(gc,xAxis=(xmin,xmax),yAxis=(min([x[1] for x in dataset])-0.01*(max([x[1] for x in dataset])-min([x[1] for x in dataset])),
max([x[1] for x in dataset])+0.01*(max([x[1] for x in dataset])-min([x[1] for x in dataset]))))
#self.showLegend = True
#self.enableZoom = True
def Dialog(self, parent, message, c):# Will be used to notify the user of errors/processes
if c == "W":
caption = "Warning!"
dlg = wx.MessageDialog(parent, message, caption, wx.OK | wx.ICON_WARNING)
elif c == "I":
caption = "Information"
dlg = wx.MessageDialog(parent, message, caption, wx.OK | wx.ICON_INFORMATION)
dlg.ShowModal()
dlg.Destroy()#Destroys dialog on close
class Frame(wx.Frame):
"""
This is the main class. In it, we declare the separate panels, canvas, menubar, buttons and sizers.
"""
def __init__(self,parent,id,title):
wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, title, wx.DefaultPosition)
self.CurrentDirectory = os.getcwd()
self.timer=wx.Timer(self)#Instantiating the timer
self.count=0
self.Bind(wx.EVT_TIMER,self.evt_timer)#Binding it to itself so that it is always triggered
self.Bind(wx.EVT_PAINT,self.paint)
menubar = wx.MenuBar()
fileMenu = wx.Menu() #Creating the Menubar at the top
#Creating 3 menus: fileMenu,fit,and help
save = wx.Menu()
z = wx.MenuItem(save,wx.ID_ANY,'Save Raw Data\tCtrl+D')
self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU,self.OnSave,z)
save.Append(z)
z= wx.MenuItem(save,wx.ID_ANY,'Save Image\tCtrl+I')
self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU,self.OnSaveImage,z)
save.Append(z)
fileMenu.AppendSubMenu(save,'&Save')
fileMenu.AppendSeparator()
z = wx.MenuItem(fileMenu, wx.ID_EXIT, '&Quit\tCtrl+W')
self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnQuit, z)
fileMenu.Append(z)
fit = wx.Menu()#Making a check menu
self.gaussian = fit.Append(wx.ID_ANY,'Gaussian',kind = wx.ITEM_CHECK)
#self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU,self.ToggleGaussian,self.gaussian)
fit.Check(self.gaussian.GetId(),False)
self.sine = fit.Append(wx.ID_ANY,'Sine',kind = wx.ITEM_CHECK)
#self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU,self.ToggleSine,self.sine)
fit.Check(self.sine.GetId(),False)
self.linear = fit.Append(wx.ID_ANY,'Linear',kind=wx.ITEM_CHECK)
#self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU,self.ToggleLinear,self.linear)
fit.Check(self.linear.GetId(),False)
help = wx.Menu()
z = wx.MenuItem(help,wx.ID_ANY,'&About\tCtrl+H')
self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU,self.OnHelp,z)
help.Append(z)
menubar.Append(fileMenu, '&File')
menubar.Append(fit, '&Fit')
menubar.Append(help, '&Help')#adding menus to menubar
self.SetMenuBar(menubar)#formatting the frame with menubar
self.sp = wx.SplitterWindow(self)#Splitting the window into 2 panels
self.p1 = wx.Panel(self.sp,style = wx.SUNKEN_BORDER)#For buttons and user events
self.p2 = wx.Panel(self.sp,style = wx.SUNKEN_BORDER)#For display of the plot
self.sp.SplitVertically(self.p1,self.p2,300)
sizer = wx.GridBagSizer(3, 3)#Versatile sizer for layout of first panel self.p1
bitmappath = self.CurrentDirectory + "\\BITMAPS"
bmp = wx.Bitmap(bitmappath+"\\SAVE.BMP",wx.BITMAP_TYPE_BMP)
self.saveBtn = wx.BitmapButton(self.p1,wx.ID_ANY,bitmap = bmp,size =(bmp.GetWidth()+10,bmp.GetHeight()+10))
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.OnSave,self.saveBtn)
sizer.Add(self.saveBtn, (0, 0), wx.DefaultSpan, wx.ALL,5)
bmp = wx.Bitmap(bitmappath +"\\START.BMP",wx.BITMAP_TYPE_BMP)
self.startBtn = wx.BitmapButton(self.p1,-1,bitmap = bmp,size =(bmp.GetWidth()+10,bmp.GetHeight()+10))# A button that starts and stops the plotting
self.startBtn.startval = "START"
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.paint,self.startBtn)
sizer.Add(self.startBtn, (0, 1), wx.DefaultSpan,wx.ALL,5)
sizer1 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
W,L = self.p2.GetSize()
self.p2.canvas = PlotCanvas(self.p2,wx.ID_ANY,(W,L),["D"])
sizer1.Add(self.p2.canvas,1,wx.ALL,0,0)
self.p2.SetSizerAndFit(sizer1)
self.p1.SetSizerAndFit(sizer)
self.p2.SetSizerAndFit(sizer1)
self.p2.SetSize(W,L)
self.Maximize(True)
self.Centre()
self.Show()
############### event methods ###########
def paint(self,event):
"""
Updates the canvas based on the value of the startbtn(not the image). Bound to self.timer.
"""
bitmappath = self.CurrentDirectory + "\\BITMAPS"
if self.startBtn.startval == "START":
self.timer.Start(1)# increase the value for more time
bmp = wx.Bitmap(bitmappath + "\\STOP.BMP",wx.BITMAP_TYPE_BMP)
self.startBtn.SetBitmap(bmp)
self.startBtn.startval = "STOP"
elif self.startBtn.startval == "STOP":
self.timer.Stop()
bmp = wx.Bitmap(bitmappath+ "\\START.BMP",wx.BITMAP_TYPE_BMP)
self.startBtn.SetBitmap(bmp)
self.startBtn.startval = "START"
def evt_timer(self,event):
self.count +=1
if self.count== 10:# By increasing count (or the number in self.timer.Start()) you can increase the interval between updates
#self.p2.canvas.Clear()
sizer1 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
W,L = self.p2.GetSize()
a = ["D"]
if self.sine.IsChecked():
a.append("S")
elif self.linear.IsChecked():
a.append("L")
elif self.gaussian.IsChecked():
a.append("G")
self.p2.canvas = PlotCanvas(self.p2,wx.ID_ANY,(W,L),a)
sizer1.Add(self.p2.canvas,1,wx.ALL,0,0)
self.p2.SetSizerAndFit(sizer1)
self.p2.SetSize(self.p2.GetBestSize())
self.count=0 # reset the count
def Dialog(self, parent, message, c):# Will be used to notify the user of errors/processes
if c == "W":
caption = "Warning!"
dlg = wx.MessageDialog(parent, message, caption, wx.OK | wx.ICON_WARNING)
elif c == "I":
caption = "Information"
dlg = wx.MessageDialog(parent, message, caption, wx.OK | wx.ICON_INFORMATION)
dlg.ShowModal()
dlg.Destroy()#Destroys dialog on close
def OnSave(self,event):#Triggered by menubar and button
try:
rawdata = self.p2.canvas.data
raw_X =[x[0] for x in rawdata]
raw_Y =[x[1] for x in rawdata]
dlg = wx.FileDialog(#Code for this from http://www.blog.pythonlibrary.org
self, message="Save file as ...",
defaultDir=self.CurrentDirectory,
defaultFile=str(time.ctime()), wildcard=wildcard, style=wx.FD_SAVE
)
if dlg.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK:
path = dlg.GetPath()
dlg.Destroy()
f = open(path+".txt","w+")
for i in range(len(raw_X)):
f.write(str(raw_X[i])+"\t"+str(raw_Y[i])+"\n")
f.close()
self.Dialog(None,"File successfully saved","I")
except UnboundLocalError:#Catch error when user closes save window without selecting any directory or filename
pass
def OnSaveImage(self,event):
try:
rawdata = self.p2.canvas.data
raw_X = [x[0] for x in rawdata]
raw_Y = [x[1] for x in rawdata]
dlg = wx.FileDialog(
self, message="Save file as ...",
defaultDir=self.CurrentDirectory,
defaultFile=str(time.ctime()), wildcard=wildcard2, style=wx.FD_SAVE
)
if dlg.ShowModal() == wx.ID_OK:
path = dlg.GetPath()
dlg.Destroy()
fig1 = plt.figure()
plt.plot(raw_X,raw_Y)
plt.title("Raw Data")
fig1.savefig(path+".png")
self.Dialog(None,"File successfully saved","I")
except UnboundLocalError:
pass
def OnMultiply(self,e):
try:
factor = self.x.GetValue()
factor = float(factor)
self.IntegrationTime = factor
except ValueError as e:
self.Dialog(None,str(e),"W")
def OnQuit(self, e):
self.Close()
def OnHelp(self,e):
self.Dialog(None,"N/A","I")
def ToggleSine(self,e):
pass
def ToggleLinear(self,e):
self.Dialog(None,"Not added yet","W")
def ToggleGaussian(self,e):
self.Dialog(None,"Not added yet","W")
if __name__ =="__main__":
app=wx.App()
Frame(None,-1,"N/A")
app.MainLoop()

How to set the gravity on a GTK3+ window in python

I run python 2.7.13 on windows 7.
I am creating a window with Gtk (from pygobject 3.18.2).
I am running windows 7 with a custom shell and I am trying to make a toolbar at the bottom of the screen.
I use a grid to divide the window in a top and a bottom part.
The bottom part is always visible.
The top part must show above the bottom part on mouse enter and hide on mouse leave without moving the bottom part.
The default positioning of a window uses the top-left corner of the window, but this will cause the bottom part to shift up to the position of the top part when the top part is hidden.
I think I understand that I have to use
set_gravity(Gdk.Gravity.SOUTH_WEST)
to change this behaviour
I do not get errors, but it seems this setting is ignored. The placement of the window is not affected at all.
What am I missing?
Anything wrong in the way I call set_gravity()?
Is set_gravity the right way to achieve this?
I read Set window gravity in PyGObject?, but this question is still not answered
Here is the code I try to get working
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk, Gdk
class MyWindow(Gtk.Window):
def __init__(self):
Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="Test")
self.set_decorated(0)
self.screen = Gdk.Screen.get_default()
self.connect("destroy", self.destroy)
self.connect("enter-notify-event", self.mouseenter)
self.connect("leave-notify-event", self.mouseleave)
self.label1 = Gtk.Label("Label1\n line1\n line2")
self.label2 = Gtk.Label("Label2")
self.label1.set_hexpand(True)
self.label2.set_hexpand(True)
self.maingrid = Gtk.Grid()
self.add(self.maingrid)
self.maingrid.attach(self.label1, 0, 0, 1, 1)
self.maingrid.attach(self.label2, 0, 1, 1, 1)
self.set_gravity(Gdk.Gravity.SOUTH_WEST) # looks like this is ignored
print self.get_gravity()
def mouseleave(self, widget, data=None):
print "mouse leave"
self.label1.hide()
label2_height = self.label2.get_allocation().height
self.resize(self.screen.width(), label2_height)
def mouseenter(self, widget, data=None):
print "mouse enter"
label1_height = self.label1.get_allocation().height
label2_height = self.label2.get_allocation().height
self.resize(self.screen.width(), label1_height + label2_height)
self.label1.show()
# Here I expect label2 to stay where it is at the bottom of the screen and label1 to be drawn above label2.
# But label2 is pushed down to make space for label1
# (normal behaviour if Gdk.Gravity.SOUTH_WEST is not set)
def destroy(self, widget, data=None):
print "destroy signal occurred"
Gtk.main_quit()
win = MyWindow()
win.show_all()
win.label1.hide()
height = win.label2.get_allocation().height
win.resize(win.screen.width(), height)
#win.move(0, win.screen.height()) # I expect this to place the window at the bottom of the screen
# if Gdk.Gravity.SOUTH_WEST is set, but it is placed offscreen
# (normal behaviour if Gdk.Gravity.SOUTH_WEST is not set)
win.move(0, win.screen.height() - 200) # shift it up 200 pixels to see what is happening
Gtk.main()
Here is a working version where I move the window to it's proper position after resizing. Moving the window makes the window flicker and it also generates the leave-notify-event and the enter-notify-event.
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk, Gdk
class MyWindow(Gtk.Window):
def __init__(self):
Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="Test")
self.set_decorated(0)
self.screen = Gdk.Screen.get_default()
# self.set_gravity(Gdk.Gravity.SOUTH_WEST)
self.connect("destroy", self.destroy)
self.connect("enter-notify-event", self.mouseenter)
self.connect("leave-notify-event", self.mouseleave)
self.label1 = Gtk.Label("Label1\n line1\n line2")
self.label2 = Gtk.Label("Label2")
self.label1.set_hexpand(True)
self.label2.set_hexpand(True)
self.maingrid = Gtk.Grid()
self.add(self.maingrid)
self.maingrid.attach(self.label1, 0, 0, 1, 1)
self.maingrid.attach(self.label2, 0, 1, 1, 1)
self.ismoving = 0
def mouseleave(self, widget, data=None):
print "mouse leave"
if self.ismoving:
print "window is moving"
else:
self.label1.hide()
label2_height = self.label2.get_allocation().height
self.resize(self.screen.width(), label2_height)
self.move(0, self.screen.height() - label2_height)
def mouseenter(self, widget, data=None):
print "mouse enter"
if self.ismoving: # moving the window generates a leave-notify-event and a enter-notify-event
self.ismoving = 0 # ignore these events when moving the window
else:
self.ismoving = 1
label1_height = self.label1.get_allocation().height
label2_height = self.label2.get_allocation().height
self.resize(self.screen.width(), label1_height + label2_height)
self.move(0, self.screen.height()-label1_height - label2_height)
self.label1.show()
def destroy(self, widget, data=None):
print "destroy signal occurred"
Gtk.main_quit()
win = MyWindow()
win.show_all()
win.label1.hide()
height = win.label2.get_allocation().height
win.resize(win.screen.width(), height)
win.move(0, win.screen.height() - height)
Gtk.main()
Based on AlexB's comment i assume my code is correct, but it is not working for me. I don't see any reason why it will not run under python 2. Maybe there is an issue with the window manager. I'll investigate
Did anyone succesfully use set_gravity() on windows?
Documentation indicates it may or may not work, depending on Window Manager. It doesn't for me on Xubuntu 18.04

Link a tkinter button to seperate script

I have a tkinter interface with a few entry widgets as inputs. Upon clicking a button I would like those inputs to be sent to a separate script to be processed and a value printed and potentially returned back to the button (I am looking at this for a dual accuracy assessment statistic)
This is a lower scale example of what I have so far and am looking to accomplish
Example Secondary Script: GUI_ConnectorScript
def calculate():
global result
result = int(entry.get())
result += 1
print result
Primary Script: GUI_ConnectorScript
from Tkinter import *
import GUI_ConnectorScript
background = "#A8A8A8"
master = Tk()
screen_width = master.winfo_screenwidth()
screen_height = master.winfo_screenheight()
width = int(screen_width*0.7)
height = int(screen_height*0.7)
size = "%sx%s"%(width,height)
master.geometry(size)
master.title("GIS Display")
text = Text(master, width = 80, height = 40, background = background)
text.pack(expand = TRUE, fill = BOTH)
entry = Entry(master, width=5).place(x=100,y=100)
button = Button(master, text="Calculate", command=GUI_ConnectorScript).place(x=500,y=500)
mainloop()
I have been trying to figure this out for awhile and have look around a lot for an answer. I have found examples similar but I am having an issue getting it to work for my application.
I agree with Parviz, whenever GUI programs get too complicated you should use Object-Oriented Programming.
I can further advice that you use kivy (if possible) instead of tkinter, its much better for bigger projects

How to Get a Window or Fullscreen Screenshot (without PIL)?

With python 3, I'd like to get a handle to another window (not part of my application) such that I can either:
directly capture that window as a screenshot, or
determine its position and size and capture it some other way
In case it is important, I am using Windows XP (edit: works in Windows 7 also).
I found this solution, but it is not quite what I need since it is full screen and more importantly, PIL to the best of my knowledge does not support 3.x yet.
Here's how you can do it using PIL on win32. Given a window handle (hwnd), you should only need the last 4 lines of code. The preceding simply search for a window with "firefox" in the title. Since PIL's source is available, you should be able to poke around the ImageGrab.grab(bbox) method and figure out the win32 code you need to make this happen.
from PIL import ImageGrab
import win32gui
toplist, winlist = [], []
def enum_cb(hwnd, results):
winlist.append((hwnd, win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd)))
win32gui.EnumWindows(enum_cb, toplist)
firefox = [(hwnd, title) for hwnd, title in winlist if 'firefox' in title.lower()]
# just grab the hwnd for first window matching firefox
firefox = firefox[0]
hwnd = firefox[0]
win32gui.SetForegroundWindow(hwnd)
bbox = win32gui.GetWindowRect(hwnd)
img = ImageGrab.grab(bbox)
img.show()
Ars gave me all the pieces. I am just putting the pieces together here for anyone else who needs to get a screenshot in python 3.x. Next I need to figure out how to work with a win32 bitmap without having PIL to lean on.
Get a Screenshot (pass hwnd for a window instead of full screen):
def screenshot(hwnd = None):
import win32gui
import win32ui
import win32con
from time import sleep
if not hwnd:
hwnd=win32gui.GetDesktopWindow()
l,t,r,b=win32gui.GetWindowRect(hwnd)
h=b-t
w=r-l
hDC = win32gui.GetWindowDC(hwnd)
myDC=win32ui.CreateDCFromHandle(hDC)
newDC=myDC.CreateCompatibleDC()
myBitMap = win32ui.CreateBitmap()
myBitMap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(myDC, w, h)
newDC.SelectObject(myBitMap)
win32gui.SetForegroundWindow(hwnd)
sleep(.2) #lame way to allow screen to draw before taking shot
newDC.BitBlt((0,0),(w, h) , myDC, (0,0), win32con.SRCCOPY)
myBitMap.Paint(newDC)
myBitMap.SaveBitmapFile(newDC,'c:\\tmp.bmp')
Get a Window Handle by title (to pass to the above function):
def _get_windows_bytitle(title_text, exact = False):
def _window_callback(hwnd, all_windows):
all_windows.append((hwnd, win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd)))
windows = []
win32gui.EnumWindows(_window_callback, windows)
if exact:
return [hwnd for hwnd, title in windows if title_text == title]
else:
return [hwnd for hwnd, title in windows if title_text in title]
This will take a new opened window and make a screenshot of it and then crop it with PIL also possible to find your specific window with pygetwindow.getAllTitles() and then fill in your window name in z3 to get screenshot of only that window.
If you definitely not want to use PIL you can maximize window with pygetwindow module and then make a screenshot with pyautogui module.
Note: not tested on Windows XP (but tested on Windows 10)
import pygetwindow
import time
import os
import pyautogui
import PIL
# get screensize
x,y = pyautogui.size()
print(f"width={x}\theight={y}")
x2,y2 = pyautogui.size()
x2,y2=int(str(x2)),int(str(y2))
print(x2//2)
print(y2//2)
# find new window title
z1 = pygetwindow.getAllTitles()
time.sleep(1)
print(len(z1))
# test with pictures folder
os.startfile("C:\\Users\\yourname\\Pictures")
time.sleep(1)
z2 = pygetwindow.getAllTitles()
print(len(z2))
time.sleep(1)
z3 = [x for x in z2 if x not in z1]
z3 = ''.join(z3)
time.sleep(3)
# also able to edit z3 to specified window-title string like: "Sublime Text (UNREGISTERED)"
my = pygetwindow.getWindowsWithTitle(z3)[0]
# quarter of screen screensize
x3 = x2 // 2
y3 = y2 // 2
my.resizeTo(x3,y3)
# top-left
my.moveTo(0, 0)
time.sleep(3)
my.activate()
time.sleep(1)
# save screenshot
p = pyautogui.screenshot()
p.save(r'C:\\Users\\yourname\\Pictures\\\\p.png')
# edit screenshot
im = PIL.Image.open('C:\\Users\\yourname\\Pictures\\p.png')
im_crop = im.crop((0, 0, x3, y3))
im_crop.save('C:\\Users\\yourname\\Pictures\\p.jpg', quality=100)
# close window
time.sleep(1)
my.close()
The solution here gets a screenshot of a single Window (so can work if the Window is in the background).
Other solutions of this page take picture of the part of the screen the window is on, and thus need to bring the Window to the front first.
Python Screenshot of inactive window PrintWindow + win32gui

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