Python running version 2.7 despite in a conda 3.8 environment - macos

I created and activated a conda environment with python 3.8. When calling python it systematically runs Python version 2.7 instead of 3.8.
(base) $ conda create -n py38 python=3.8
(base) $ conda activate py38
(py38) $ python --version
Python 2.7.16
(py38) $ which python
/usr/bin/python
(py38) $ which python3.8
/Users/xyz/opt/anaconda3/envs/py38/bin/python3.8
In $PATH there is effectively /usr/bin but I'm surprised that conda doesn't override that while the environment is running. Also, there is no python alias to be found in any of the possible configuration files (.bashrc, .zshrc, .bash_profile, .profile or any other).
How can I get the python command to correctly run Python 3.8 while the py38 env is active?
Generally speaking, how to get conda to run the correct Python version "once and for all" in any new environment I would create in the future?

You need to make sure when you are in (py38) by :
echo $PATH
that /Users/xyz/opt/anaconda3/envs/py38/bin is before /usr/bin
then run
cd /Users/xyz/opt/anaconda3/envs/py38/bin
ln -fs python3.8 python3
ln -fs python3 python

Related

Unable to run python

Error: Can't find Python executable "python", you can set the PYTHON env variable.
Unable to run python while running service in Intellij.
Running python should work on my mac.
On local mac python2 is no longer available from macOS Monterey by default.
In order to explicitly install python2 please follow the below steps:
brew install pyenv
pyenv install 2.7.18
echo 'export PATH="$(pyenv root)/versions/2.7.18/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
source ~/.zshrc

How to remove anaconda from path in mac in order to pip install?

MacBook Pro already had one python 3.8.2 installation. Then I installed anaconda which has python 3.8.5 and installed python 3.9.4 from python.org.
Pip3 is installing packages to anaconda, not for 3.9.4. How to install packages for python 3.9.4 using pip3 from the terminal? Also, how to run python 3.8.2, 3.8.5, 3.9.4 separately from the terminal (along with their respective idle)?
I am not familiar with changing paths, so detailed commands will be very helpful.
(base) ~ % where python3
/Users/user/opt/anaconda3/bin/python3
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/bin/python3
/usr/local/bin/python3
/usr/bin/python3
(base) ~ % where pip3
/Users/user/opt/anaconda3/bin/pip3
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/bin/pip3
/usr/local/bin/pip3
/usr/bin/pip3
(base) ~ % where python
/Users/user/opt/anaconda3/bin/python
/usr/bin/python
(base) ~ % where pip
/Users/user/opt/anaconda3/bin/pip
Don't use pip3. Use pip3.8 or pip3.9 or start pip with an explicit python.
pythonx-m pip install package
where pythonx is python3.9 or python3.8. I suspect that python3.8 still starts 3.8.2, but to be sure, just enter python3.8 on the command line and look at startup line. I don't know anything about starting Anaconda python.
Similarly, python3.x -m idlelib` will start IDLE with whatever python3.x starts.

How to change pip3 command to be pip?

I uninstalled pip, and I installed pip3 instead. Now, I want to use pip3 by typing pip only. The reason is I am used to type pip only and every guide uses the pip command, so every time I want to copy and paste commands, I have to modify pip to pip3 which wastes time. When I type pip I have an error which is pip: command not found which means pip command is not taken. Is it possible to make pip points to pip3?
You can use pip3 using the alias pip by adding alias to your .bashrc file.
alias pip=pip3
or by adding a symlink named pip to your $PATH, which points to the pip3 binary.
If there is no ~/.bashrc in your home directory on macOS, inputting
alias pip=pip3
in your ~/.zprofile file has the same effect.
Rather than manually creating your own alias in bash and hoping this doesn't conflict with anything, most package managers should allow you to register the version you wish to use whilst maintaining dependencies.
For instance on Linux:
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/pip pip /usr/bin/pip3 1
Or on Mac (MacPorts):
port select --set pip pip3
Solution 1
Check which version pip is pointing to
pip --version
pip 18.0 from /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip (python 2.7)
If your pip is pointing to pip2, locate where is the pip "binary".
which pip
/usr/bin/pip
This is a simple python script:
cat /usr/bin/pip
#!/usr/bin/python2
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from pip._internal import main
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(main())
So just change the shebang from #!/usr/bin/python2 to #!/usr/bin/python3.
Now pip is pointing to pip3.
pip --version
pip 18.0 from /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip (python 3.6)
Solution 2
Remove /usr/bin/pip make make a symbolic link from the wanted pip version to it instead.
sudo rm /usr/bin/pip
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/pip3.6 /usr/bin/pip
Since you uninstalled pip, this solution assumes you're only going to use pip3.
Open your terminal.
Create a simple link. To do that type:
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip
Now when you type pip, it will invoke pip3.
Check that it worked by typing pip --version
pip --version
pip 9.0.1 from /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (python 3.6)
You're all set!
You can install pip after install pip3 by the below command:
pip3 install --upgrade pip
after that:
~ pip --version
pip 20.0.2 from /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip (python 3.8)
You can write pip for pip3 after changing bashrc file in the home directory.
In mac -
Open bashrc file -
vim ~/.bashrc
Add this line at the end of the file -
alias pip="pip3"
Close the file. Don't forget to source this file in the terminal by
source ~/.bashrc
You are good to go. Now, whenever you will use pip in any command. it will be interpreted as pip3
You can check it by running the command -
pip --version
Pip is installed in /usr/bin/. If you don't have pip at all, I would suggest to install pip3 only. Make sure you don't need older version.
You can check available pip versions using following command.
ls /usr/bin/pip*
If you have multiple pip you need to prioritize your pip versions. I had only pip3 so I add it to the first priority. You can use following command and it is done.
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/pip pip /usr/bin/pip3 1
You will get output as :
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/pip3 to provide /usr/bin/pip (pip) in auto mode
Test now:
pip --version
You will get:
pip 18.1 from /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip (python 3.7)
If you have other version for python2.7, you can use same update command and change last digit 1 to 2. This will make it second priority.
I believe one shouldn't do such a thing. Actually I would argue it's even better to not use the pip, pip3, etc. scripts ever. Instead one should always prefer the more explicit and surefire way of using pip's executable module for one specific Python interpreter:
path/to/pythonX.Y -m pip somecommand
References:
https://snarky.ca/why-you-should-use-python-m-pip/
https://snarky.ca/a-quick-and-dirty-guide-on-how-to-install-packages-for-python/
This can be done by simply creating an alias for the command.
To create an alias just type
$alias new_command="existing_command"
In your case,
$alias pip="pip3"
Although this isn't permanent. OT make it permanent edit your bashrc file
$ vim ~/.bashrc
an to the end of it append the line.
$alias pip="pip3"
It depends on how you manage your python versions (system, brew, pyenv, ...) and which python installation you are currently using.
For example if you use brew then creating a simlink is a good option:
ln -s -f /usr/local/bin/pip3 /usr/local/bin/pip
validate that pip uses the correct version:
which pip
will give you
/usr/local/bin/pip
Copy the pip3 file and rename as pip:
sudo cp /usr/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip
pip --version
and
pip3 --version
Works now.

zsh command cannot found pip

How can I use pip in oh-my-zsh? I was trying to install nltk through pip, but it told me zsh: command not found: pip. When I check plugins under .oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins, there is a folder named pip. I don't know what the problem is.
Edit:
$ echo $PATH
/home/xxx/bin:/usr/local/bin:/home/xxx/bin:/home/xxx/.local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin
$ type pip
pip is an alias for noglob pip
Maybe you have installed both python2 and python3. python3 may have been installed later.
You may try to use pip3 instead of pip.
First, input the command:
pip3 -V
If you see the version, the pip3 can be used.
Then you can input command line to install nltk:
pip3 install nltk
I got a way to help you use pip in zsh. We can use nano to edit files. In nano, ctrl+X to save and exit
In the ~ directory, input the command:
nano .bash_profile
You may see some codes like:
# Setting PATH for Python 3.5
# The original version is saved in .bash_profile.pysave
PATH="/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/bin:${PATH}"
export PATH
Copy them and paste them to the end of .zshrc file by using command:
nano .zshrc
Then input the command:
pip -V
If you see the version, pip can be used.
In case you do
which pip
and it doesn't show the path, just do
which pip3
This will print the path which is /usr/local/bin/pip3
Then do open ~/.zshrc or nano ~/.bash_profile.
Make alias for pip like:
alias pip=/usr/local/bin/pip3
N.B: You copy that line above and paste in your .zshrc file.
After do source ~/.zshrc and close .zshrc
For me it's working to do
python -m pip install [package_name]
instead of
pip install [package_name]
If you installed python3.x, you should run with pip3(not pip)
So you are using oh-my-zsh framework for zsh or Z shell.
First, try the command:
pip3 -V
If you get something like this below, that means you have the pip3 package already and must be having python3 as well.
pip 22.0.4 from /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip (python 3.10)
Then edit your .zprofile instead of .bashprofile as you are using zsh. This is the command.
nano ~/.zprofile
Then it should have the two alias like this.
# Setting PATH for Python 3.10
# The original version is saved in .zprofile.pysave
PATH="/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/bin:${PATH}"
export PATH
alias python=python3
alias pip=pip3
Make sure you save it. Exit and Re-open you terminal. Type the command:
pip -V
It should have the same result as the pip3 -V like this:
❯ pip -V
pip 22.0.4 from /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip (python 3.10)
Then you can use pip or pip3 interchangeably for installing your nltk package like this.
pip install nltk
I'm on MacOS and use ZSH. It seems pip 2.7 can't be found, although it is installed. I believe my paths to "pip" are linked wrong (I also have python3 and pip3 installed via brew).
To get around the issue I created an alias. If you don't have an .aliases file, create one in your homedir. Then open the file:
nano ~/.aliases
and add:
## PIP for python2.7 ##
alias pip="python -m pip "
You need to tell ZSH to pick up the alias file (assuming you don't have this setup already). Open your .zshrc:
nano ~/.zshrc
The add the following near the bottom of the file:
[ -f "$HOME/.aliases" ] && source "$HOME/.aliases"
From the terminal, run:
source ~/.zshrc
Or quit your terminal and reopen it.
Now you can run:
pip install <command>
Edit your rc file:
vim ~/.zshrc
Find the config plugins and delete the pip entry.
In a new terminal:
which pip
This will show you the real path of pip
If you're running into this issue, it probably is due to versioning complications. Python 2 versus Python 3 on your OS may be resolving unexpectedly. Below is a quick workaround to get you to functioning behavior.
Try using the below for Python 2:
python -m pip install <command>
Try using the below for Python 3:
pip3 install <command>
In my case my OS was Ubuntu 20.04 and the pip doesn't come with python.
So, i've installed pip through the command
sudo apt install python3-pip
and I'm done.
To ensure run pip -V or pip3 -V
My pip script is missing for some reason, so I have to install it.
$ python -m ensurepip --upgrade
More methods can be found here:pip installation
You should consider upgrading.
Enter this in your terminal
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/bin/python3.10 -m pip install --upgrade pip
and then...
Type: pip -V

Installing different Python version in virtualenv with installing version 3.5.1 from source

I'm running openSUSE 13.1 and I'm trying to install Python 3.5.1 in an virtualenv, because the system default is 3.3.5 and cannot be further updated with yast.
I have downloaded the source, stored it in folder ~/pysrc35 and created a new directory ~/localpython and installed it
./configure --prefix=/home/<user>/.localpython
make
make install
the python3 executable there works and the localpython/bin looks like
2to3 easy_install-3.5 idle3.5 pip3.5 pydoc3.5 python3.5 python3.5m python3-config pyvenv-3.5
2to3-3.5 idle3 pip3 pydoc3 python3 python3.5-config python3.5m-config pyvenv
Now I want to use pip, which seems to have been included in the installation, but when I run it I get the error:
ImportError: No module named 'pip'
I have already set $PYTHONHOME to /home/<usr>/localpython/bin/python3 and $PYTHONPATH to /home/<usr>/localpython/lib/python3.5/:/home/<usr>/localpython/lib64/python3.5/:/home/<usr>/localpython/include/python3.5m/, because I got errors on that before, but now I'm stuck with pip.
A great solution for this was using pyenv. This tool makes installing different python versions and virtual environments super easy. The only prerequisite is probably just having git installed. Then you clone it
git clone git://github.com/yyuu/pyenv.git ~/.pyenv
git clone https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv-virtualenv.git ~/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-virtualenv
and run
echo 'export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv"' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'eval "$(pyenv init -)"' >> ~/.bashrc
eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"
in terminal. For Linux distributions other than openSUSE or Ubuntu ~/.bashrc might have to be replaced by
~/.bash_profile
. After restarting the terminal, run
pyenv install 3.5.x
to install whatever version you want (except 3.5.1 is not yet available). Then you should switch to your desired Python version, e.g. with
pyenv shell 3.5.x
to set the version for the current terminal session.
After that a virtual environment can be created and activated by
pyenv virtualenv /path/to/venv
pyenv activate /path/to/venv
See also this video for a comprehensive tutorial on using pyenv and in conjunction with django.

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