How can I call query in variable while declaring it in Hive? I am creating a shell script to drop partitions for previous date, so in the file.hql I am using :
Alter table table_name drop partition column >= ‘datesub(current_date-1)’;
But it is not working, so I have tried to declare the condition in variable and then call here. So I first try to declare the variable then call it in query :
set var1= Select date_sub(current_date, 1)
Alter table table_name drop partition column >= ‘${hoveconf:var1}’;
But this is not working because the variable is not declared correctly. So how to declare the query under variable?
Hive does not calculate variables before substitution, variables are being substituted as is. Also functions and sub-queries are not allowed in partition specification.
The solution is to calculate variable in a shell and pass it to the script:
bash$ dt=$(date -d '-1 day' +%Y-%m-%d)
bash$ hive -e "ALTER TABLE table_name drop partition (column >='$dt')"
Or if you prefer to call script file, then pass hiveconf variable:
bash$ dt=$(date -d '-1 day' +%Y-%m-%d)
bash$ hive -hiveconf dt="$dt" -f script_name
#In the script use '${hiveconf:dt}':
ALTER TABLE table_name drop partition (column >='${hiveconf:dt}')
Related
I am trying to export my hql output to csv in beeline using below command :
beeline -u "jdbc:hive2://****/;serviceDiscoveryMode=zooKeeper;zooKeeperNamespace=hiveserver2"?tez.queue.name=devices-jobs --outputformat=csv2 -e "use schema_name; select * from table_name where open_time_new>= '2020-07-13' and open_time_new < '2020-07-22'" > filename.csv
The problem is that some column values in the table contains commas which pushes the data of same column to the next column value.
For eg:
| abcd | as per data,outage fault,xxxx.
| xyz |as per the source,ghfg,hjhjg.
The above data will get saved as 4 column instead of 2.
Need help!
Try the approach with local directory:
insert overwrite local directory '/tmp/local_csv_report'
row format delimited fields terminated by "," escaped by '\\'
select *
from table_name
where open_time_new >= '2020-07-13'
and open_time_new < '2020-07-22'
This will create several csv files under your local /tmp/local_csv_report directory, so using simple cat after that will merge the results into a single file.
I used this Hive query to export a table into a CSV file.
hive -f mysql.sql
row format delimited fields terminated by ','
select * from Mydatabase,Mytable limit 100"
cat /LocalPath/* > /LocalPath/table.csv
However, it does not include table column names.
How to export in csv the column names ?
show tablename ?
You should add set hive.cli.print.header=true; before your select query to get column names as the first row of your output. The output would look as Mytable.col1, Mytable.col2 ....
If you don't want the table name with the column names, use set hive.resultset.use.unique.column.names=false;. The first row of your output would then look like col1, col2 ...
Invoking hive command-line with the parameters suggested in the other answer here works for a plain select. So, you can extract the column names and create the csv to start with, as follows:
hive -S --hiveconf hive.cli.print.header=true --hiveconf hive.resultset.use.unique.column.names=false --database Mydatabase -e 'select * from Mytable limit 0;' > /LocalPath/table.csv
Post which you can have the actual data extraction part run, except this time, remember to append to the csv:
cat /LocalPath/* >> /LocalPath/table.csv ## From your question with >> for append
I want to change the column name of a Hive table without changing it's datatype.
I tried below query but it requires datatype which I don't know.
ALTER TABLE test CHANGE a a1 INT;
I would like to prefix SALES_ before all my columns irrespective of their column types.
Input Table
emp_id(int) emp_name(string) salary(double)
Output Table
sales_emp_id(int) sales_emp_name(string) sales_salary(double)
Thanks in advance.
Well, altering the column name in hive using alter table command require its datatype.
For this purpose you may perform the below commands,
1)Create a new table with the your new column names)
create table newTable (sales_emp_id int ,sales_emp_name string, sales_salary double) ;
2)Insert into new table from old table
insert into newTable select * from oldtable;
3)Now,you may drop your old table.
drop table oldtable;
The above code may be used if creating a new table sounds ok for you.
Well if you use a shell script , something like below:
while read line;do
SOURCE_TABLENAME= `echo $line| awk -F" " '{print $1}'`
TARGET_TABLENAME= `echo $line| awk -F" " '{print $2}'`
LOC=`echo "$line"| awk -F" " '{print $3}'`
PREFIX="emp_"
S=`hive -e "desc $SOURCE_TABLENAME"`
VAL=echo $S |sed 's/\(\(\w\w*\W*\)\{2\}\)/\1\n/g' | sed 's/$/,/g' | sed -e 's/^/$PREFIX/'
STATEMENT="CREATE TABLE $SOURCE_TABLENAME (`echo $VAL) as select * from $SOURCE_TABLENAME LOCATION $LOC`"
hive -e "drop table $SOURCE_TABLENAME"
done < INPUT_FILE.txt
INPUT_FILE.txt
source_table target_table location (all inputs separated by space)
Without creating new table, you can use the REPLACE function in hive to change all the column names. The command looks like this
ALTER TABLE table_name REPLACE COLUMNS (sales_emp_id INT,sales_emp_name STRING,sales_salary DOUBLE);
Now you can use the describe command to check the column names
describe table_name;
I am having a main bash script running several other bash scripts and hql files. The hql files have hive queries. The hive queries have a where clause and it is on the date field. I am trying to automate a process and I need the where clause to change based on todays date ( which is obtained from the main bash script).
For example the .hql file looks like this:
This is selectrows.hql
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tv.events_tmp;
CREATE TABLE tv.events_tmp
( origintime STRING,
deviceid STRING,
clienttype STRING,
loaddate STRING)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\u0001'
LINES TERMINATED BY '\n'
STORED AS TEXTFILE LOCATION 'hdfs://nameservice1/data/full/events_tmp';
INSERT INTO TABLE tv.events_tmp SELECT origintime, deviceid, clienttype, loaddate FROM tv.events_tmp WHERE origintime >= '2015-11-02 00:00:00' AND origintime < '2015-11-03 00:00:00';
Since today is 2015-11-11, i want to be able to pass the date - 9 days and date-8 days to the .hql script from the bash script. Is there a way to pass these two variable from the bash script to the .hql file.
So the main bash script looks like this:
#!/bin/bash
# today's date
prodate=`date +%Y-%m-%d`
echo $prodate
dateneeded=`date -d "$prodate - 8 days" +%Y-%m-%d`
echo $dateneeded
# CREATE temp table
beeline -u 'jdbc:hive2://datanode:10000/;principal=hive/datanode#HADOOP.INT.BELL.CA' -d org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver -f /home/automation/tv/selectrows.hql
echo "created table"
thanks in advance.
You can use beeline -e option to execute queries using strings. Then pass the date parameters to the strings.
#!/bin/bash
# today's date
prodate=`date +%Y-%m-%d`
echo $prodate
dateneeded8=`date -d "$prodate - 8 days" +%Y-%m-%d`
dateneeded9=`date -d "$prodate - 9 days" +%Y-%m-%d`
echo $dateneeded8
echo $dateneeded9
hql="
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tv.events_tmp;
CREATE TABLE tv.events_tmp
( origintime STRING,
deviceid STRING,
clienttype STRING,
loaddate STRING)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\u0001'
LINES TERMINATED BY '\n'
STORED AS TEXTFILE LOCATION 'hdfs://nameservice1/data/full/events_tmp';
INSERT INTO TABLE tv.events_tmp SELECT origintime, deviceid, clienttype, loaddate FROM tv.events_tmp WHERE origintime >= '"
echo "$hql""$dateneeded9""' AND origintime < '""$dateneeded8""';"
# CREATE temp table
beeline -u 'jdbc:hive2://datanode:10000/;principal=hive/datanode#HADOOP.INT.BELL.CA' -d org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver -e "$hql""$dateneeded9""' AND origintime < '""$dateneeded8""';"
echo "created table"
An alternate way to pass an argument
create hive .hql file with defined variables
vi multi_var_file.hql
SELECT * FROM TEST_DB.TEST_TB WHERE TEST1='${var_1}' AND TEST2='${var_2}';
Pass the same variables into the Hive script to run
hive -hivevar var_1='TEST1' -hivevar var_2='TEST2' -f multi_var_file.hql
I have a text file that contains the following format below and I wanted to write a bash script that stores the column (adastatus,type,bodycomponent) names into a variable say x1.
# col_name data_type comment
adastatus string None
type string None
bodycomponent string None
bodytextlanguage string None
copyishchar string None
Then for each of the columns names in x1 I want to run a loop
alter table tabelname change x1(i) x1(i) DOUBLE;
How about:
#!/bin/sh
for i in `cut -f1 yourfile.txt`
do
SQL="alter table tablename change $i $i DOUBLE"
sql_command $SQL
done
awk '$1 !~ /^#/ {if ($1) print $1}' in.txt | \
xargs -I % echo "alter table tabelname change % % DOUBLE"
Replace echo with the command needed to run the alter command (from #Severun's answer it sounds like sql_command).
using awk, matches only input lines that do no start with # (except for leading whitespace) and are non-empty, then returns the first whitespace-separated token, i.e., the 1st column value for each line.
xargs invokes the target command once for each column name, substituting the column name for % - note that % as a placeholder was randomly chosen via the -I option.
Try:
#!/bin/bash
while read col1 _ _
do
[[ "$col1" =~ \#.* ]] && continue # skip comments
[[ -z "$col1" ]] && continue # skip empty lines
echo alter table tabelname change ${col1}\(i\) ${col1}\(i\)
done < input.txt
Output:
$ ./c.sh
alter table tabelname change adastatus(i) adastatus(i)
alter table tabelname change type(i) type(i)
alter table tabelname change bodycomponent(i) bodycomponent(i)
alter table tabelname change bodytextlanguage(i) bodytextlanguage(i)
alter table tabelname change copyishchar(i) copyishchar(i)
Change echo to a more appropriate command.