Update millions of database row using Spring Data JPA - spring-boot

Question

I'm wondering on which is the best for this
Here is my Entity:
#Entity
#Data
public class User {
#GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
private String firstName;
private String middleName;
private String lastName;
private Status status;
private String statusRemarks;
}
Option 1 Direct bulk update in UserRepository:
Does this will affect my database performance if the users to be update will reach to millions in number?
public interface UserRepository extends CrudRepository<User, Long> {
#Query("UPDATE u FROM User u set u.status=:status, u.statusRemarks=:statusRemarks where u.status in :statuses")
void bulkUpdateByStatuses(Status status,String statusRemarks,Status... statuses);
}
Option 2 will fetch the users by status and will update it one by one like this:
I'm pretty sure this will affect the performance of the MS due to the memory usage
public void bulkUpdateUserByStatuses(final UserBulkUpdateDto userbulkUpdateDto){
List<User> toUpdateUsers = userRepository.findByStatuses(userbulkUpdateDto.getStatuses())
for(final User user: toUpdateUsers){
user.setStatus(userbulkUpdateDto.getNewStatus());
user.setStatusRemarks(userbulkUpdateDto.getStatusRemarks());
userRepository.save(user);
}
}
}

Answer 1

Absolutely option 1.
Both options read the affected data, modify it and write it back.
The option 2 on top of that reads and writes the data across the network and turns it into java objects.
So it will be slower and probably even put a higher load on the database.
If the load still becomes to high for the database you should consider breaking the update in smaller ones, for example by limiting to a range of ids at a time.