HTTP Response and Connect Timeout - jmeter

Question

I'm trying to provoke a timeout in the jmeter test.
My settings are right now:
Reponse TimeOut: 3000ms
Connect TimeOut: 500ms
But i still got requests over 10.000MS
First: Did i understood it correct, that request timeout is how long the service is allowed to respond?
And connection timeout how long i will wait for a thread.
Else i would get something like 502 bad gateway?
Or am I completly wrong?
Edit:
Structure in the Gui
And the xml itself
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jmeterTestPlan version="1.2" properties="5.0" jmeter="5.4">
<hashTree>
<TestPlan guiclass="TestPlanGui" testclass="TestPlan" testname="Testplan OneHundred" enabled="true">
<stringProp name="TestPlan.comments"></stringProp>
<boolProp name="TestPlan.functional_mode">true</boolProp>
<boolProp name="TestPlan.tearDown_on_shutdown">true</boolProp>
<boolProp name="TestPlan.serialize_threadgroups">false</boolProp>
<elementProp name="TestPlan.user_defined_variables" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="ArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="User Defined Variables" enabled="true">
<collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"/>
</elementProp>
<stringProp name="TestPlan.user_define_classpath"></stringProp>
</TestPlan>
<hashTree>
<ThreadGroup guiclass="ThreadGroupGui" testclass="ThreadGroup" testname="ThreadGroup1" enabled="true">
<stringProp name="ThreadGroup.on_sample_error">continue</stringProp>
<elementProp name="ThreadGroup.main_controller" elementType="LoopController" guiclass="LoopControlPanel" testclass="LoopController" testname="Loop Controller" enabled="true">
<boolProp name="LoopController.continue_forever">false</boolProp>
<intProp name="LoopController.loops">-1</intProp>
</elementProp>
<stringProp name="LoopController.loops">1</stringProp>
<stringProp name="ThreadGroup.ramp_time">0</stringProp>
<stringProp name="ThreadGroup.duration">60</stringProp>
<stringProp name="ThreadGroup.delay">0</stringProp>
<boolProp name="ThreadGroup.same_user_on_next_iteration">false</boolProp>
<boolProp name="ThreadGroup.scheduler">true</boolProp>
<stringProp name="ThreadGroup.num_threads">60</stringProp>
</ThreadGroup>
<hashTree>
<ConstantThroughputTimer guiclass="TestBeanGUI" testclass="ConstantThroughputTimer" testname="Constant Throughput Timer" enabled="true">
<intProp name="calcMode">1</intProp>
<doubleProp>
<name>throughput</name>
<value>100.0</value>
<savedValue>0.0</savedValue>
</doubleProp>
</ConstantThroughputTimer>
<hashTree/>
<HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="GetRequest" enabled="true">
<elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="HTTPArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="Variables pré-définies" enabled="true">
<collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments">
<elementProp name="" elementType="HTTPArgument">
<boolProp name="HTTPArgument.always_encode">false</boolProp>
<stringProp name="Argument.value"></stringProp>
<stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
<boolProp name="HTTPArgument.use_equals">true</boolProp>
</elementProp>
</collectionProp>
</elementProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain">traefik_reverse-proxy_1/dashboard</stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port">80</stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol">http</stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding"></stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path"></stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">GET</stringProp>
<boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">true</boolProp>
<boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp>
<boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp>
<boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout">500</stringProp>
<stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout">3000</stringProp>
</HTTPSamplerProxy>
<hashTree>
<HeaderManager guiclass="HeaderPanel" testclass="HeaderManager" testname="HTTP Header Manager" enabled="true">
<collectionProp name="HeaderManager.headers">
<elementProp name="" elementType="Header">
<stringProp name="Header.name">Host</stringProp>
<stringProp name="Header.value">fend</stringProp>
</elementProp>
</collectionProp>
</HeaderManager>
<hashTree/>
<ResultCollector guiclass="StatVisualizer" testclass="ResultCollector" testname="Aggregate Report" enabled="true">
<boolProp name="ResultCollector.error_logging">false</boolProp>
<objProp>
<name>saveConfig</name>
<value class="SampleSaveConfiguration">
<time>true</time>
<latency>true</latency>
<timestamp>true</timestamp>
<success>true</success>
<label>true</label>
<code>true</code>
<message>true</message>
<threadName>true</threadName>
<dataType>true</dataType>
<encoding>false</encoding>
<assertions>true</assertions>
<subresults>true</subresults>
<responseData>false</responseData>
<samplerData>false</samplerData>
<xml>false</xml>
<fieldNames>true</fieldNames>
<responseHeaders>false</responseHeaders>
<requestHeaders>false</requestHeaders>
<responseDataOnError>false</responseDataOnError>
<saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>true</saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>
<assertionsResultsToSave>0</assertionsResultsToSave>
<bytes>true</bytes>
<sentBytes>true</sentBytes>
<url>true</url>
<threadCounts>true</threadCounts>
<idleTime>true</idleTime>
<connectTime>true</connectTime>
</value>
</objProp>
<stringProp name="filename">/masterdata/results/backend/de/response_one_get.csv</stringProp>
</ResultCollector>
<hashTree/>
</hashTree>
</hashTree>
</hashTree>
</hashTree>
</jmeterTestPlan>

Answer 1

If you properly apply these setting you will get a SocketTimeoutException
The functionality is there for years and it used to work so I can think only of one possible scenario:
You're using HTTP Request Defaults for setting these timeouts
HTTP Request sampler(s) are not in scope of the HTTP Request Defaults, make sure to put the element either at same level or a level above