I have PLSQL block and a table. I need to write an expression from that tables rows.
Lets say my tables rows be like a,b,c,d and my description should be like;
desc_ VARCHAR2(32000) := &a || &b || &c || &d
Some of my variables depends on conditions. For example if &d is Null I need to write "UNDEF" if its not null need to write "something".
My question is how can I applied this to the variables?
Thank you
Use CASE. For example:
SQL> set serveroutput on
SQL> set ver off
SQL>
SQL> declare
2 desc_ varchar2(200);
3 begin
4 desc_ := '&a' ||
5 case when '&b' is null then 'UNDEF'
6 else 'SOMETHING'
7 end ||
8 '&c';
9 dbms_output.put_line(desc_);
10 end;
11 /
Enter value for a: This is A-
Enter value for b: ???
Enter value for c: -This is B
This is A-SOMETHING-This is B
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
Though, as you use PL/SQL why wouldn't you create a stored procedure and pass those values as parameters to it?
Related
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE a IS OBJECT
(
b integer,
c varchar2(10)
);
/
declare
cursor ca return a is select 1,'e' from dual;
va a;
begin
null;
for cur in ca
loop
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('do nothing');
end loop;
end;
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
Process ID: 803778
Session ID: 64 Serial number: 4181
the loop as only one element and fast nothing is done in the loop.
But I get the error end-of-file communication channel
As #littlefoot said it works fine if I use a record defined in a package or no record at all. I don't know why it doesn't work with an object
code
Simply put, you can't do that.
Oracle does not support returning object types from a cursor. Cursors *always* return a rowtype. So to do something similar to what you want, you can define a table which has a column of the object type you're interested in, and then have the cursor return the rowtype of that table - i.e. something like:
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE a IS OBJECT
(
b integer,
c varchar2(10)
);
CREATE TABLE tt
(t_a a);
INSERT INTO tt VALUES (a(1, 'e'));
declare
cursor ca return tt%ROWTYPE is select t_a from tt;
an_a a;
begin
FOR aRow IN ca LOOP
an_a := aRow.t_a;
dbms_output.put_line('an_a.b=' || an_a.b);
dbms_output.put_line('an_a.c=''' || an_a.c || '''');
end loop;
end;
db<>fiddle here
You never said what a is.
Documentation says that - if you use return clause, then it returns rowtype.
RETURN: Specifies the datatype of a cursor return value. You can use the %ROWTYPE attribute in the RETURN clause to provide a record type that represents a row in a database table or a row returned by a previously declared cursor. Also, you can use the %TYPE attribute to provide the datatype of a previously declared record.
A cursor body must have a SELECT statement and the same RETURN clause as its corresponding cursor spec. Also, the number, order, and datatypes of select items in the SELECT clause must match the RETURN clause.
ROWTYPE: A record type that represents a row in a database table or a row fetched from a previously declared cursor or cursor variable. Fields in the record and corresponding columns in the row have the same names and datatypes.
So, if your code were like this, it would work:
SQL> set serveroutput on
SQL>
SQL> declare
2 type a is record(val1 number, val2 varchar2(10));
3
4 cursor ca return a is select 1 ,'e' from dual;
5 va a;
6 begin
7 for cur in ca
8 loop
9 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(cur.val1 ||', '|| cur.val2 ||', do nothing');
10 end loop;
11 end;
12 /
1, e, do nothing
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
Or, simpler, if you remove the return clause from your own code, it would also work:
SQL> declare
2 cursor ca --return a
3 is select 1,'e' from dual;
4 va a;
5 begin
6 null;
7 for cur in ca
8 loop
9 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('do nothing');
10 end loop;
11 end;
12 /
do nothing
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
If you're asking what's the reason of end-of-file on communication channel, I wouldn't know.
I am passing arguments `EBN,BGE' into a procedure , then I am passing this argument to a cursor.
create or replace procedure TEXT_MD (AS_IDS VARCHAR2)
is
CURSOR C_A (AS_ID VARCHAR2) IS
SELECT
name
FROM S_US
WHERE US_ID IN (AS_ID);
BEGIN
FOR A IN C_A (AS_IDS) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('I got here: '||AS_IDS);
end loop;
END;
But while debuging the count of the cursor is still null
So my question , why the cursor not returning values with in condition
You are passing a string parameter, so it will be used as a string, not as a list of strings; so, your cursor will be something like
SELECT name
FROM S_US
WHERE US_ID IN ('EBN,BGE')
This will, of course, not do what you need.
You may need to change your procedure and the way to pass parameters; if you want to keep a string parameter , one way could be the following:
setup:
SQL> CREATE TABLE S_US
2 (
3 US_ID,
4 NAME
5 ) AS
6 SELECT 'EBN', 'EBN name' FROM DUAL
7 UNION ALL
8 SELECT 'BGE', 'BGE name' FROM DUAL;
Table created.
procedure:
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE TEXT_MD_2(AS_IDS VARCHAR2) IS
2 vSQL varchar2(1000);
3 c sys_refcursor;
4 vName varchar2(16);
5 BEGIN
6 vSQL := 'SELECT name
7 FROM S_US
8 WHERE US_ID IN (' || AS_IDS || ')';
9 open c for vSQL;
10 loop
11 fetch c into vName;
12 if c%NOTFOUND then
13 exit;
14 end if;
15 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(vName);
16 END LOOP;
17 END;
18 /
Procedure created.
You need to call it with a string already formatted to be a parameter list for IN:
SQL> EXEC TEXT_MD_2('''EBN'',''BGE''');
EBN name
BGE name
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
This is only an example of a possible way, and not the way I would do this.
Among the reasons to avoud this kind of approach, consider what Justin Cave says:
"that would be a security risk due to SQL injection and would have a potentially significant performance penalty due to constant hard parsing".
I believe you should better check how to pass a list of values to your procedure, rather then using a string to represent a list of strings.
Here is a possible way to do the same thing with a collection:
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE tabVarchar2 AS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(16)
2 /
Type created.
SQL>
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE TEXT_MD_3(AS_IDS tabVarchar2) IS
2 vSQL VARCHAR2(1000);
3 c SYS_REFCURSOR;
4 vName VARCHAR2(16);
5 BEGIN
6 FOR i IN (SELECT name
7 FROM S_US INNER JOIN TABLE(AS_IDS) tab ON (tab.COLUMN_VALUE = US_ID))
8 LOOP
9 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i.name);
10 END LOOP;
11 END;
12 /
Procedure created.
SQL>
SQL> DECLARE
2 vList tabVarchar2 := NEW tabVarchar2();
3 BEGIN
4 vList.EXTEND(2);
5 vList(1) := 'BGE';
6 vList(2) := 'EBN';
7 TEXT_MD_3(vList);
8 END;
9 /
BGE name
EBN name
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
Again, you can define collections in different ways, within a stored procedure or not, indexed or not, and so on; this is only one of the possible ways, not necessarily the best, depending on your environment, needs.
Here is he problem desc.
I am trying to pass comma separated integer values(stored in a Varchar variable) to a IN conditon.
local_var VARCHAR2(20);
local_var := 1,2;
WHERE someid IN (local_var) --Just pasted the where clause where IN condition is being used
someid is of type NUMBER,
I get an invalid number error while executing this statement in a cursor. I am assuming this problem is because of someid being a NUMBER,
What is the possible solution? I cannot pass the values say 1,2 directly to IN clause, because I need to build the same based on some conditions,
I have tried passing comma separated values in quotes too, didnt seem to work
Using Oracle version 11.2
I have tried using
local_var := '1,2';
local_var := '''1','2'''; etc..
Nothing seemed to work
Urgent help required! Thanks in advance
You are getting that error, obviously, because someid is of number datatype and you are passing a comma separated string, which is considered as one value of string datatype and not a list of values as you would expect, to the IN clause. But you can transform that string, using regexp_substr and regexp_count regular expression functions, into table rows an then use them in the IN clause. Here is an example:
SQL> declare
2 cursor your_cursor(c_str_value varchar2) is
3 with str_values as(
4 select regexp_substr(c_str_value, '[^,]+', 1, level) as value
5 from dual
6 connect by level <= regexp_count(c_str_value, '[^,]+')
7 )
8 select first_name -- here goes your query
9 from employees e
10 where e.department_id in (select to_number(value)
11 from str_values);
12
13 l_local_var varchar2(20);
14 begin
15 l_local_var := '100,102,103'; -- your comma separated string
16 for i in your_cursor(l_local_var) -- for the sake of demonstration
17 loop
18 dbms_output.put_line(i.first_name);
19 end loop;
20 end;
21 /
Nancy
Daniel
John
Ismael
Jose Manuel
Luis
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed
You can not pass a list as arguments like that.
You could go with using a Dynamic PL/SQL block. Something like:
DECLARE
local_var VARCHAR2(20) := '1,2';
req VARCHAR(1000);
BEGIN
req := 'BEGIN
FOR c IN (SELECT someid FROM my_table WHERE someid IN (' || local_var || '))
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('someid ' || c.someid);
END LOOP;
END;';
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE req;
END;
But… Be very careful of PL/SQL injections.
your variable type is VARCHAR2 and you are assigning number types, t'y u r getting that error. please use single quotations.
for example #
local_var VARCHAR2(20);
local_var := '1';
WHERE someid IN (local_var);
this is the way
create table a(local_var varchar2(10))
insert into a values('2');
select * from a;
declare
y varchar2(10);
cursor c1(v_val varchar2) is select * from a;
Begin
y := '1,2';
for i in c1(y)
loop
dbms_output.put_line(i.local_var);
end loop ;
end;
/
I would like to declare and display a variable in Oracle.
In T-SQL I would do something like this
DECLARE #A VARCHAR(10) --Declares #A
SELECT #A = '12' --Assigns #A
SELECT #A --Displays #A
How can I do this in Oracle.
If you're talking about PL/SQL, you should put it in an anonymous block.
DECLARE
v_text VARCHAR2(10); -- declare
BEGIN
v_text := 'Hello'; --assign
dbms_output.Put_line(v_text); --display
END;
If using sqlplus you can define a variable thus:
define <varname>=<varvalue>
And you can display the value by:
define <varname>
And then use it in a query as, for example:
select *
from tab1
where col1 = '&varname';
If you are using pl/sql then the following code should work :
set server output on -- to retrieve and display a buffer
DECLARE
v_text VARCHAR2(10); -- declare
BEGIN
v_text := 'Hello'; --assign
dbms_output.Put_line(v_text); --display
END;
/
-- this must be use to execute pl/sql script
Make sure that, server output is on otherwise output will not be display;
sql> set serveroutput on;
declare
n number(10):=1;
begin
while n<=10
loop
dbms_output.put_line(n);
n:=n+1;
end loop;
end;
/
Outout:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Did you recently switch from MySQL and are now longing for the logical equivalents of its more simple commands in Oracle? Because that is the case for me and I had the very same question. This code will give you a quick and dirty print which I think is what you're looking for:
Variable n number
begin
:n := 1;
end;
print n
The middle section is a PL/SQL bit that binds the variable. The output from print n is in column form, and will not just give the value of n, I'm afraid. When I ran it in Toad 11 it returned like this
n
---------
1
I hope that helps
I'm trying to pass an array of (varchar) data into an Oracle procedure. The Oracle procedure would be either called from SQL*Plus or from another PL/SQL procedure like so:
BEGIN
pr_perform_task('1','2','3','4');
END;
pr_perform_task will read each of the input parameters and perform the tasks.
I'm not sure as to how I can achieve this. My first thought was to use an input parameter of type varray but I'm getting Error: PLS-00201: identifier 'VARRAY' must be declared error, when the procedure definiton looks like this:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE PR_DELETE_RECORD_VARRAY(P_ID VARRAY) IS
To summarize, how can I pass the data as an array, let the SP loop through each of the parameters and perform the task ?
I'm using Oracle 10gR2 as my database.
This is one way to do it:
SQL> set serveroutput on
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE MyType AS VARRAY(200) OF VARCHAR2(50);
2 /
Type created
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE testing (t_in MyType) IS
2 BEGIN
3 FOR i IN 1..t_in.count LOOP
4 dbms_output.put_line(t_in(i));
5 END LOOP;
6 END;
7 /
Procedure created
SQL> DECLARE
2 v_t MyType;
3 BEGIN
4 v_t := MyType();
5 v_t.EXTEND(10);
6 v_t(1) := 'this is a test';
7 v_t(2) := 'A second test line';
8 testing(v_t);
9 END;
10 /
this is a test
A second test line
To expand on my comment to #dcp's answer, here's how you could implement the solution proposed there if you wanted to use an associative array:
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE p IS
2 TYPE p_type IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(50) INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;
3
4 PROCEDURE pp (inp p_type);
5 END p;
6 /
Package created
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY p IS
2 PROCEDURE pp (inp p_type) IS
3 BEGIN
4 FOR i IN 1..inp.count LOOP
5 dbms_output.put_line(inp(i));
6 END LOOP;
7 END pp;
8 END p;
9 /
Package body created
SQL> DECLARE
2 v_t p.p_type;
3 BEGIN
4 v_t(1) := 'this is a test of p';
5 v_t(2) := 'A second test line for p';
6 p.pp(v_t);
7 END;
8 /
this is a test of p
A second test line for p
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed
SQL>
This trades creating a standalone Oracle TYPE (which cannot be an associative array) with requiring the definition of a package that can be seen by all in order that the TYPE it defines there can be used by all.
If the types of the parameters are all the same (varchar2 for example), you can have a package like this which will do the following:
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE testuser.test_pkg IS
TYPE assoc_array_varchar2_t IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(4000) INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;
PROCEDURE your_proc(p_parm IN assoc_array_varchar2_t);
END test_pkg;
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY testuser.test_pkg IS
PROCEDURE your_proc(p_parm IN assoc_array_varchar2_t) AS
BEGIN
FOR i IN p_parm.first .. p_parm.last
LOOP
dbms_output.put_line(p_parm(i));
END LOOP;
END;
END test_pkg;
Then, to call it you'd need to set up the array and pass it:
DECLARE
l_array testuser.test_pkg.assoc_array_varchar2_t;
BEGIN
l_array(0) := 'hello';
l_array(1) := 'there';
testuser.test_pkg.your_proc(l_array);
END;
/