How to use azure keyvault secret during development in visual studio - visual-studio

I was able to create a keyvault, add secret, be able to display on the screen following this tutorial on YouTube. The only problem is that it's only working when I deploy to azure. And, so far, all the codes assume that I want to deploy to azure.
I found this response to a Stackoverflow question that explains how to do it on VS Code. The problem is that the code is different from mine, probably because the question was asked in 2019 while I'm using the DotNet5.0. Here's my code. It was created by
Going to Connected Services
Add Service
Select Key vault, by following the Wizard.
public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
.ConfigureAppConfiguration((context, config) =>
{
var keyVaultEndpoint = new Uri(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("VaultUri"));
config.AddAzureKeyVault(
keyVaultEndpoint,
new DefaultAzureCredential());
})
.ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
{
webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
});
Each time I run it locally, I get the following exception.
{"error":{"code":"Forbidden","message":"Access denied to first party service.
Caller: name=from-infra;tid=f8cdef31-a31e-4b4a-93e4-5f571e91255a;
appid=872cd9fa-d31f-45e0-9eab-6e460a02d1f1;
...
"innererror":{"code":"AccessDenied"}}}
I've run the following code.
az keyvault set-policy --name 'myKeyvault' --object-id 872cd9fa-d31f-45e0-9eab-6e460a02d1f1 --secret-permissions get
The following line was added in the key vault Access Policies table.
Yet, when I tried to run the application locally, I still got the same error. Is there a step I am missing?
Thanks for helping

I used to gather azure key vault secret via this sample, I added the access policy for the user in my tenant which also used to sign in visual studio. This may help...
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Azure.Identity;
using Azure.Security.KeyVault.Secrets;
namespace key_vault_test
{
class Program
{
static async Task Main(string[] args)
{
const string secretName = "test0120";
var kvUri = "https://fortest0120.vault.azure.net/";
var client = new SecretClient(new Uri(kvUri), new DefaultAzureCredential());
var secret = await client.GetSecretAsync(secretName);
Console.WriteLine($"Your secret is '{secret.Value.Value}'.");
}
}
}
And in my opinion, there's also another choice to obtain secrets, that's using key vault api, what you need to do is creating an azure ad app and and api permission for key vault, but this api just has delegated permission so that you can only use password flow(auth code or ropc) to generate the access token. Here you need to add access policy for the application you registered and those users(groups is preferred if there're many users, you could add those users into a group)

Related

Google Cloud identity token oidcToken.GetAccessTokenAsync() fails and without error message

When calling a google oauth library method, it fails without error - no amount of try/catch-ing traps any error messages.
I am trying to get an identity token much as I would if I executed gcloud auth print-identity-token from the command line using the gcloud cli.
The reason for wanting the identity token is that another Cloud Function service requires it as Authorization : Bearer [token], and indeed works correctly when I stuff a manually generated identity token in my code. That is not a suitable solution for development or production
The code snippet I wrote, cobbled from numerous sources, to procure an identity token is this:
using (var stream = new FileStream(credentialsFilePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
{
var credentials = GoogleCredential.FromStream(stream);
if (credentials.IsCreateScopedRequired)
{
credentials = credentials.CreateScoped(scopes);
}
OidcToken oidcToken = await credentials.GetOidcTokenAsync(
Options
.FromTargetAudience(scopes[0])
.WithTokenFormat(OidcTokenFormat.Standard));
// this line bombs immediately, jumping out of this method and the calling method.
string token = await oidcToken.GetAccessTokenAsync();
return token;
}
In the above code, scopes[0] is left over code from a previous attempt which contains the endpoint to Cloud Function service. https://subdomain.cloudfunctions.net/cloud-function/v1/ is the general form of the cloud function endpoint I am calling as a part of a web api.
Is this a valid and reasonable way to get the equivalent of gcloud auth print-identity-token? If so, why the epic failure?
I need to use a google service account for service to service authentication. Development environment is visual studio 2019, .net core 3.1, docker/linux
PS - the service account has the cloud function's Cloud Functions Invoker role.
PPS - the issue seems to be related to docker and a set of error messages I get when starting my project in docker. I had ignored them as they were not until now impairing functionality.
at System.Net.Http.CurlHandler.ThrowIfCURLEError(CURLcode error)
at System.Net.Http.CurlHandler.MultiAgent.FinishRequest(StrongToWeakReference`1 easyWrapper, CURLcode messageResult)
running the code on windows works.
The penultimate problem is that I needed to make an upstream method asynchronous and add an await. Now the code above works every time. This change led me to the ultimate problem whose solution is some code refactoring in ConfigureServices() related to AddHttpClient() setup.
The curl exception was due to trying to add logger.loggerFactory.AddGoogle(…) with a bad configuration. this has been a bad hair day.
This question is also an example of what not to do - ie I used too much minimalism to describe the problem.

MVC Prompt Query Parameter

I want to override Azure AD SSO login for a MVC web application. I don't want to log other applications out in the process, but require login for security purposes. I am using OAuth2.0 with OIDC via Owin for authentication.
I am trying to use the prompt=login query parameter, which should theoretically do the trick. I found a Github reference to this being recently made available in Core but cannot trace how to do it in MVC5.2
Is it possible to do it in the Application Builder? I tried adding .WithExtraQueryParameters ("prompt=login") to the ConfidentialClientApplicationBuilder when getting the access code. No luck.
Is there another workaround if the code doesn't come out-of-the-box?
EDIT: PublicClientApplication allows .WithPrompt(Prompt.Login) while ConfidentialClientApplication does not (also does not allow AcquireTokenInteractive) This is a web app so it needs the confidential builder. Tested using the Public builder and it logs in successfully. But I get an ActiveX instantiation error 'not in a single-threaded apartment'(?) Strange, unless that is how the token is being delivered perhaps. I also tested by changing to multitenant in Azure and by toggling Public client on and off.
Any ideas?
You could use ForceLogin to add paramter to ConfidentialClientApplicationBuilder.
ForceLogin: enables the application developer to have the user prompted for credentials by the service even if this would not be needed. This can be useful if Acquiring a token fails, to let the user re-sign-in. This is done by sending prompt=login to the identity provider. Again, we've seen it used in some security focused applications where the organization governance demands that the user re-logs-in each time they access specific parts of an application.
So, use the code as below:
result = await app.AcquireTokenInteractive(scopes)
.WithPrompt(Prompt.ForceLogin)
.ExecuteAsync();
The Modifier .WithExtraQueryParameters will not help you. You need to use .WithPrompt instead.Please refer article.
Example:
await PublicClientApplication
.AcquireTokenInteractive(scopes, null)
.WithAccount(CurrentUser)
.WithPrompt(Prompt.ForceLogin) // use login for your case
.ExecuteAsync();
I eventually resolved this as follows:
Under Notifications in the ConfigureAuth(IAppBuilder app) add a reference to a new task:
RedirectToIdentityProvider = OnRedirectToIdentityProvider,
Then add the task:
private Task OnRedirectToIdentityProvider(RedirectToIdentityProviderNotification
<OpenIdConnectMessage, OpenIdConnectAuthenticationOptions> notification)
{
// Forces the user to login.
if (notification.ProtocolMessage.Prompt == null)
{
notification.ProtocolMessage.Prompt = "login";
}
return Task.FromResult(0);
}
Hope that helps the next person with this issue.

Unauthorized error while trying to create a new namespace in K8S

I am trying to create a namespace on a K8s cluster on Azure using teh fabric8 java client . Here is the code
#Before
public void setUpK8sClient() {
apiServer = "";
config = new ConfigBuilder().withMasterUrl(apiServer).withUsername("user").withPassword("pass").build();
client = new DefaultKubernetesClient(config);
System.setProperty(Config.KUBERNETES_TRUST_CERT_SYSTEM_PROPERTY, "true");
}
#Test
public void getClientVersion() {
System.out.println("Client version "+client.getApiVersion());
}
#Test
public void createNamespace() {
Namespace myns = client.namespaces().createNew()
.withNewMetadata()
.withName("myns")
.addToLabels("a", "label")
.endMetadata()
.done();
System.out.println("Namespace version " + myns.getStatus());
}
This gives me the following error
i
o.fabric8.kubernetes.client.KubernetesClientException: Failure executing: POST at: "https://...api/v1/namespaces. Message: Unauthorized! Token may have expired! Please log-in again. Unauthorized
What did I miss?
Since you are working on Azure, I guess you could follow the instructions to configure kubectl and then use the token from the kubeconfig file to access the cluster from the fabric8 client.
That token is probably an admin token, so you can also create new credentials (user/password) if you want to limit what the fabric8 client could do. API requests are tied to either a normal user or a service account, or are treated as anonymous requests.
Normal users are assumed to be managed by an outside, independent service (private keys, third parties like Google Accounts, even a file with a list of usernames and passwords). Kubernetes does not have objects which represent normal user accounts.
Service accounts are users managed by the Kubernetes API, bound to specific namespaces. Service accounts are tied to a set of credentials stored as Secrets. To manually create a service account, simply use the kubectl create serviceaccount ACCOUNT_NAME command. This creates a service account in the current namespace and an associated secret that holds the public CA of the API server and a signed JSON Web Token (JWT).

Integration tests for web api with Azure AD

I am working on a webapi webservice that is proteted by Azure Active Directory. The webservice cumminucates heavily with Office 365 (SharePoint / Yammer) based on the user that is signed in.
To test the web api endpoints I am writing an Console App that let me sign in with my AAD credentials and then calls the endpoints. It works, but looking for something to replace this way of testing the web api. Would be great if it’s more repeatable and that I don’t have to fill in my credentials each time. I was looking for a unit test project but can’t get the Azure AD sign in to work.
Any tips how to make this easier?
The easiest way would be to define the test runner as an application in Azure AD and have it call the API with its own client id and secret.
To do that there are a few things you would need to do:
Add appRoles to your API in its manifest in Azure AD. These are application permissions.
Define your test runner, and have it require the necessary application permissions for your API.
In your test runner you should now be able to get an access token with the client id and secret of the test runner, no user authentication required.
Some setup is needed for app permissions on the API side as well, authorization must also look at the role claims.
You can find an example for defining app permissions and also handling them here: http://www.dushyantgill.com/blog/2014/12/10/roles-based-access-control-in-cloud-applications-using-azure-ad/.
More on defining app permissions: https://stackoverflow.com/a/27852592/1658906.
More info on the application manifest in AAD: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/develop/active-directory-application-manifest.
EDIT: If you must make calls on behalf of the user in the API, then this of course won't work.
In that case, I would suggest creating a user account with the necessary access for the purpose of running the tests. It would be best not to hard-code its credentials, but store them elsewhere.
If you don't want to "fill in my credentials each time", one workaround is using the Resource Owner Password Credentials Grant flow. This flow is flexible to gain a token easily. In the Console App, you could directly use user account and password to get the access token for your protected web API . The code below is for your reference :
static void Main(string[] args)
{
test().Wait();
}
public static async Task test()
{
using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient())
{
var tokenEndpoint = #"https://login.windows.net/a703965c-e057-4bf6-bf74-1d7d82964996/oauth2/token";
var accept = "application/json";
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Accept", accept);
string postBody = #"resource=https%3A%2F%2Fgraph.microsoft.com%2F //here could be your own web api
&client_id=<client id>
&grant_type=password
&username=nanyu#xxxxxxx.onmicrosoft.com
&password=<password>
&scope=openid";
using (var response = await client.PostAsync(tokenEndpoint, new StringContent(postBody, Encoding.UTF8, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")))
{
if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
var jsonresult = JObject.Parse(await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync());
var token = (string)jsonresult["access_token"];
}
}
}
}
But the problem is that flow will expose the username and password directly in the code, it brings potential attack risk as well and we will always avoid handling the user credential directly. So make sure you just use this flow for testing in a secure environment. You could refer to this article for more details.

OAUth2 ASP.NET invalid_grant

I am trying to implement OAUTH2 for my web application but even though signing in to the application works, refresh tokens result in an HTTP 400 "invalid_grant".
Specifically, the project is an ASP.NET WebAPI with OWIN OAuth provider. This has been killing me for days without luck so any help will be appreciated :)
Have you correctly set OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions.RefreshTokenProvider?
If you need a sample, Katana's sandbox project contains a minimal implementation showing how you can easily configure it to protect and serialize refresh tokens using the data protection block (machine keys on IIS): https://github.com/jchannon/katanaproject/blob/master/tests/Katana.Sandbox.WebServer/Startup.cs#L169-L173
app.UseOAuthAuthorizationServer(new OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions {
RefreshTokenProvider = new AuthenticationTokenProvider {
OnCreate = CreateRefreshToken,
OnReceive = ReceiveRefreshToken,
}
});
private void CreateRefreshToken(AuthenticationTokenCreateContext context) {
context.SetToken(context.SerializeTicket());
}
private void ReceiveRefreshToken(AuthenticationTokenReceiveContext context) {
context.DeserializeTicket(context.Token);
}
If it still doesn't work, try enabling tracing to determine the root cause of the invalid_grant error: http://katanaproject.codeplex.com/wikipage?title=Debugging&referringTitle=Documentation
We were getting the same issue when deploying the AuthorizationServer on Azure and trying to access it through localhost.
Later we deployed all 3:
AuthorizationServer
AuthrizationCodeGrant
Resource Server
Made required changes in the Constants\Paths.cs for the deployed URLs.
Even after this it did not work. But once we changed all the paths to HTTPS it all started working smoothly.
Please try that in case you are still stuck.

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