Laravel - Delete and save in one query - laravel

Question

In my app users can vote on submissions.
I first run a delete query for that submission to prevent any duplicate votes, then I save the vote:
SubmissionVote::where('submission_id', $submission->id)->where('user_id', Auth::user()->id)->delete();
$submissionVote = new SubmissionVote;
$submissionVote->submission_id = $submission->id;
$submissionVote->user_id = Auth::user()->id;
$submissionVote->vote = $vote;
$submissionVote->save();
Would it be possible to write this as one query to minimize overall database queries?
Or perhaps there's a way in the table migration to make it so that every submission_id can only have unique user_ids?

Answer 1

You could do this in a neater way like so:
Create a proper relation on the User model:
// models/User.php
public function submissionVote()
{
return $this->belongsTo(SubmissionVote::class);
}
then simply use this single statement in your controller:
Auth::user()->submissionVote()->updateOrCreate([
'vote' => $vote,
]);
This automatically updates the current user's submission OR creates a new one if it doesnt exist yet. Note that you have to use ->submissionVote() (query instance) vs ->submissionVote (model instance) so that you can use the query functions like updateOrCreate(). There are others available like firstOrCreate() or firstOrNew() which do slightly different things but are extremely handy shortcuts.
See https://laravel.com/docs/8.x/eloquent#upserts for more information.

Answer 2

Yes, it perhaps.
Schema::create('submission_votes', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->unique([
'submission_id',
'user_id',
]);
});
And, update existing model:
SubmissionVote::query()->updateOrInsert(
['user_id' => Auth::user()->id, 'submission_id' => $submission->id],
['vote' => $vote]
);