I want to check via sftp only (not ssh) if a directory exists before creating it.
The only solutions I have found so far are using ssh but I need to use sftp only due to permission-ing issues - does anyone know a way?
sftp_put () {
sftp -oidentityfile=/home/user/.ssh/host_usersftp usersftp#$1 <<EOF
-- Add a check here e.g -- IF exist $2 ( echo $2 exists ) ELSE ( echo create $2 )
mkdir $2
cd $2
put $3
EOF
}
echo "chdir my_test_dir" | sftp -b - -oidentityfile=/home/user/.ssh/host_usersftp usersftp#$1
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
echo "my_test_dir exists"
else
echo "create my_test_dir"
fi
sftp without -b will simply display a nonfatal warning message if you try to create a directory which already exists. (With -b you need -mkdir with a dash in front to make the script not abort if the command fails. For noninteractive use, -b is probably a good idea.)
Related
I am trying to bash script a daily file transfer between 2 machines. The script runs on the destination machine and pulls a file from the source machine. Occasionally the source machine will not have a file ready, this is acceptable.
I would like the script to exit 0 on successful transfer, and when there is no file available to be transferred. I would like the script to exit non 0 on any other failure condition (connectivity, etc).
I tried the following 2 approaches, I found with SCP the return code is always 1 no matter what the actual error, so its hard for the script to differentiate between my acceptable error condition, and others.
The sftp method seems to always return 0 no matter what takes place during the command. Any suggestions?
scpGet(){
echo "Attempting File Transfer"
scp -P $REMOTEPORT $REMOTEHOST:$REMOTEPATH $LOCALPATH
echo $?
}
sftpGet(){
cd $LOCALPATH
sftp -P $REMOTEPORT $REMOTEHOST << EOF
get $REMOTEPATH
quit
EOF
echo $?
}
I haven't validated this, so please check that it actually does what you want -
but you are apparently running scp with no password, so you can probably execute arbitrary code remotely to test for the existence of the file. Just be careful.
scpGet() {
echo "Attempting File Transfer"
if scp -P $REMOTEPORT $REMOTEHOST:$REMOTEPATH $LOCALPATH
then echo "$( ls -l $LOCALPATH) - successfully retrieved"
elif ssh -P $REMOTEPORT ls -l $REMOTEHOST:$REMOTEPATH
then echo "$REMOTEHOST:$REMOTEPATH exists, but I can't retrieve it!" >&2
exit $oopsieCode
elif (( 2 == $rc )) # ls failed to find the file - verify this code
then echo "File not ready. Ignoring."
else : handle errors other than "not found"
fi
}
I want to create a directory if it doesn't exists after login to sftp server.
test.sh
sftp name#example.com << EOF
mkdir test
put test.xml
bye
EOF
Now i call test.sh and upload different files each time to test folder. When running this
mkdir test
First time it works and second time it throws Couldn't create directory: Failure error?
How to create a directory if doesn't exists and if exists don't create directory in sftp.
man 1 sftp (from openssh-client package):
-b batchfile
Batch mode reads a series of commands from an input
batchfile instead of stdin. Since it lacks user
interaction it should be used in conjunction with
non-interactive authentication. A batchfile of ‘-’
may be used to indicate standard input. sftp will
abort if any of the following commands fail: get,
put, reget, reput, rename, ln, rm, mkdir, chdir, ls,
lchdir, chmod, chown, chgrp, lpwd, df, symlink, and
lmkdir. Termination on error can be suppressed on a
command by command basis by prefixing the command
with a ‘-’ character (for example, -rm /tmp/blah*).
So:
{
echo -mkdir dir1
echo -mkdir dir1/dir2
echo -mkdir dir1/dir2/dir3
} | sftp -b - $user#$host
I understand this thread is old and has been marked as answered but the answer did not work in my case. The second page on google for a search regarding "sftp checking for directory" so here is an update that would have saved me a few hours.
Using an EOT you cannot capture the error code resulting from the directory not being found. The work around I found was to create a file containing instructions for the call and then capture the result of that automated call.
The example below using sshpass but my script also uses this same method authenticating with sshkeys.
Create the file containing the instructions:
echo "cd $RemoteDir" > check4directory
cat check4directory; echo "bye" >> check4directory
Set permissions:
chmod +x check4directory
Then make the connection using the batch feature:
export SSHPAA=$remote_pass
sshpass -e sftp -v -oBatchMode=no -b check4directory $remote_user#$remote_addy
Lastly check for the error code:
if [ $? -ge "1" ] ; then
echo -e "The remote directory was not found or the connection failed."
fi
At this point you can exit 1 or initiate some other action. Note that if the SFTP connection fails for another reason like password or the address is incorrect the error will trip the action.
Another variant is to split the SFTP session into two.
First SFTP session simply issues the MKDIR command.
Second SFTP session can then assume existence of the directory and put the files.
You can use the SSH access of your account to first verify if the directory exists at all (using the "test" command). If it returns exit code 0, the dir exists, otherwise it doesn't. You can act on that accordingly.
# Both the command and the name of your directory are "test"
# To avoid confusion, I just put the directory in a separate variable
YOURDIR="test"
# Check if the folder exists remotely
ssh name#example.com "test -d $YOURDIR"
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
# Directory does not exist
sftp name#example.com << EOF
mkdir test
put test.xml
bye
EOF
else
# Directory already exists
sftp name#example.com << EOF
put test.xml
bye
EOF
fi
Try this to ignore errors if directory already exists.
# Turn OFF error
set +e
# Create remote dirs
sftp -P 22 -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -oIdentityFile=key.pem -v $user#$host <<EOF
mkdir <remote_path> # create remote directory
bye
EOF
# Turn ON error
set -e
# Do upload to SFTP
sftp -P 22 -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -oIdentityFile=key.pem -v $user#$host <<EOF
cd <remote_path> # remote_path
put <local_file_path> # local_path
quit
EOF
I'm writing a bash script to send files from a linux server to a remote Windows FTP server.
I would like to check using FTP if the folder where the file will be stored exists before attempting to create it.
Please note that I cannot use SSH nor SCP and I cannot install new scripts on the linux server. Also, for performance issues, I would prefer if checking and creating the folders is done using only one FTP connection.
Here's the function to send the file:
sendFile() {
ftp -n $FTP_HOST <<! >> ${LOCAL_LOG}
quote USER ${FTP_USER}
quote PASS ${FTP_PASS}
binary
$(ftp_mkdir_loop "$FTP_PATH")
put ${FILE_PATH} ${FTP_PATH}/${FILENAME}
bye
!
}
And here's what ftp_mkdir_loop looks like:
ftp_mkdir_loop() {
local r
local a
r="$#"
while [[ "$r" != "$a" ]]; do
a=${r%%/*}
echo "mkdir $a"
echo "cd $a"
r=${r#*/}
done
}
The ftp_mkdir_loop function helps in creating all the folders in $FTP_PATH (Since I cannot do mkdir -p $FTP_PATH through FTP).
Overall my script works but is not "clean"; this is what I'm getting in my log file after the execution of the script (yes, $FTP_PATH is composed of 5 existing directories):
(directory-name) Cannot create a file when that file already exists.
Cannot create a file when that file already exists.
Cannot create a file when that file already exists.
Cannot create a file when that file already exists.
Cannot create a file when that file already exists.
To solve this, do as follows:
To ensure that you only use one FTP connection, you create the input (FTP commands) as an output of a shell script
E.g.
$ cat a.sh
cd /home/test1
mkdir /home/test1/test2
$ ./a.sh | ftp $Your_login_and_server > /your/log 2>&1
To allow the FTP to test if a directory exists, you use the fact that "DIR" command has an option to write to file
# ...continuing a.sh
# In a loop, $CURRENT_DIR is the next subdirectory to check-or-create
echo "DIR $CURRENT_DIR $local_output_file"
sleep 5 # to leave time for the file to be created
if (! -s $local_output_file)
then
echo "mkdir $CURRENT_DIR"
endif
Please note that "-s" test is not necessarily correct - I don't have acccess to ftp now and don't know what the exact output of running DIR on non-existing directory will be - cold be empty file, could be a specific error. If error, you can grep the error text in $local_output_file
Now, wrap the step #2 into a loop over your individual subdirectories in a.sh
#!/bin/bash
FTP_HOST=prep.ai.mit.edu
FTP_USER=anonymous
FTP_PASS=foobar#example.com
DIRECTORY=/foo # /foo does not exist, /pub exists
LOCAL_LOG=/tmp/foo.log
ERROR="Failed to change directory"
ftp -n $FTP_HOST << EOF | tee -a ${LOCAL_LOG} | grep -q "${ERROR}"
quote USER ${FTP_USER}
quote pass ${FTP_PASS}
cd ${DIRECTORY}
EOF
if [[ "${PIPESTATUS[2]}" -eq 1 ]]; then
echo ${DIRECTORY} exists
else
echo ${DIRECTORY} does not exist
fi
Output:
/foo does not exist
If you want to suppress only the messages in ${LOCAL_LOG}:
ftp -n $FTP_HOST <<! | grep -v "Cannot create a file" >> ${LOCAL_LOG}
hi i have some file path like
/ifshk5/BC_IP/PROJECT/T1
1073/T11073_RICljiR/split/AG19_235/120225_I872_FCC0HN2ACXX_L8_RICljiRSYHSD2-1-IP
AAPEK-17_1.fq.gz
i need copy files from one ftp server to other. and also need to create directory if it not exist in server.
i login the sever which contains those file then run this code
#! /bin/bash
while read myline
do
for i in $myline
do
if [ -f $i ]
then
location=$(echo "$i" | awk -F "/" '{ print "", $6, $7, $8 }' OFS="/")
#location shows /T11073_RICekkR/Fq/AS59_59304
location="/opt/CLiMB/Storage3/ftp/ftp_climb/100033"$location
echo $location
ssh tam#192.168.174.43 mkdir -p $location
scp -r $i tam#192.168.174.43:$location
fi
done
done < /ifshk5/BC_IP/PROJECT/T11073/T11073_all_3254.fq.list
it has some problem, 1. it can't work always shows permission denied, please try again.
but when i direct type
ssh tam#192.168.174.43 mkdir -p /sample/xxxx
it can work, and the new dir location is right it shows like
/opt/CLiMB/Storage3/ftp/ftp_climb/100033/T11073_RICekkR/Fq/AS59_59304
I don't see where the "permission denied" error might come from; run the script with bash -x to see the command which causes the error. Maybe it's not what you expect.
Also try rsync instead of inventing the wheel again:
rsync --dirs $i tam#192.168.171.34:$b
--dirs will create the necessary folders on the remote side (and it will give you good error messages when something fails).
It might even be possible to do everything with a single call to rsync if you have the same folder structure on both sides:
rsync -avP /ifshk5/BC_IP/PROJECT/T11073/ tam#192.168.171.34:/opt/CLiMB/Storage3/ftp/ftp_climb/100033/
Note the / after the paths! Don't omit them.
rsync will figure out which files need to be transferred and copy only those. If you want to transfer only a subset, use --include-from
how to find a file exists in particular dir through SSH
for example :
host1 and dir /home/tree/TEST
Host2:- ssh host1 - find the TEST file exists or not using bash
ssh will return the exit code of the command you ask it to execute:
if ssh host1 stat /home/tree/TEST \> /dev/null 2\>\&1
then
echo File exists
else
echo Not found
fi
You'll need to have key authentication setup of course, so you avoid the password prompt.
This is what I ended up doing after reading and trying out the stuff here:
FileExists=`ssh host "test -e /home/tree/TEST && echo 1 || echo 0"`
if [ ${FileExists} = 0 ]
#do something because the file doesn't exist
fi
More info about test: http://linux.die.net/man/1/test
An extension to Erik's accepted answer.
Here is my bash script for waiting on an external process to upload a file. This will block current script execution indefinitely until the file exists.
Requires key-based SSH access although this could be easily modified to a curl version for checks over HTTP.
This is useful for uploads via external systems that use temporary file names:
rsync
transmission (torrent)
Script below:
#!/bin/bash
set -vx
#AUTH="user#server"
AUTH="${1}"
#FILE="/tmp/test.txt"
FILE="${2}"
while (sleep 60); do
if ssh ${AUTH} stat "${FILE}" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "File found";
exit 0;
fi;
done;
No need for echo. Can't get much simpler than this :)
ssh host "test -e /path/to/file"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
# your file exists
fi