Hello roblox studio scripters,
I'm a intermediate scripter-builder and need some help with the gui for my game.
I have a start screen with a play button like this:
I'm trying to fade out the gui when the button is clicked, but none of the tutorials worked. This is my script for the button:
local button = script.Parent
local gui = script.Parent.Parent.Parent
button.MouseButton1Down:Connect(function()
gui.Enabled = false
end)
I don't know how to do the changing, would it be BackgroundTransparency? How would you change the transparency from 0 to 1 in 0.01 increments?
I tried to make the gui fade with a for loop, changing the BackgroundTransparency but that didn't work, this is that code:
local button = script.Parent
local gui = script.Parent.Parent.Parent
button.MouseButton1Down:Connect(function()
for i = 0, 100, 1 do
gui.Frame.BackgroundTransparency + 0.01
wait(0.01)
gui.Enabled = false
end
end)
I don't know why it isn't working.
If I have a typo or something, please tell me.
Thanks!
The loop solution has a few typos, here it is fixed:
local button = script.Parent
local gui = script.Parent.Parent.Parent
button.MouseButton1Down:Connect(function()
for i = 0, 100 do
gui.Frame.BackgroundTransparency += 0.01 -- += adds 0.01 each time
task.wait(0.01) -- better than wait(0.01)
end
gui.Enabled = false
end)
However, this is not an ideal solution. A better system would use Roblox's TweenService to change the gui's transparency. Tweens are less jittery, are easier to modify, and have lots of customisation properties including repeating, changing length of time, and style of easing (e.g. going faster at first, then slower near the end; see Easing Styles on the Roblox docs).
local TweenService = game:GetService("TweenService")
local button = script.Parent
local gui = script.Parent.Parent.Parent
local tweenInfo = TweenInfo.new(
2, -- Time
Enum.EasingStyle.Linear, -- Easing Style
Enum.EasingDirection.Out -- Easing Direction
-- See https://create.roblox.com/docs/reference/engine/datatypes/TweenInfo for more available properties
)
local tween = TweenService:Create(
gui.Frame, -- Instance to tween
tweenInfo, -- TweenInfo
{ Transparency = 1 } -- What we want to change
)
button.MouseButton1Down:Connect(function()
tween:Play()
tween.Completed:Wait() -- Wait until tween is complete
gui.Enabled = false
end)
Though both of these solutions change only the transparency of the background, so the child elements, such as the Playbutton, will stay visible until the gui is disabled. You may wish to replace the Frame with a CanvasGroup, which also changes the transparency of its children when its GroupTransparency property is changed.
local tween = TweenService:Create(
gui.CanvasGroup, -- Instance to tween
tweenInfo, -- TweenInfo
{ GroupTransparency = 1 } -- What we want to change
)
I have this sprite: spr_meteoriteLv3, which has two sub-images with index image_index 0 and 1 respectively.
I have these objects: obj_meteoriteLv3, obj_tempMeteoriteLv3, and obj_score. Object obj_meteoriteLv3 spawns from above with random position, random amount, and random sub-image. Object obj_tempMeteoriteLv3 makes obj_meteoriteLv3s spawn. When player clicks on a meteorite, the program checks the value of image_index for that object.
obj_meteoriteLv3 has these events:
Create Event: change sprite_index into spr_meteoriteLv3, and start moving downwards.
Left-pressed Mouse Event: destroy the self instance, and check image_index: if image_index == 0 then score += 5; else score -= 5).
obj_tempMeteoriteLv3 has these events:
Create Event: set Alarm 0 to 3600, set variable exist to 1, and set variable add to 1.
Alarm 0: set variable add to 0, and destroy the obj_meteoriteLv3 instance.
Alarm 1: set variable exist to 1.
Step Event: if (exist == 1) then, if (add == 1) then create instance of obj_meteoriteLv3, set variable exist to 0, and set Alarm 1 to 10.
obj_score has these events:
Create Event: set score to 0.
Draw Event: draw the value of score.
The problem is, no matter which sub-image the meteorite image_index has when clicked, the score will always be incremented by 5 points. It's like the else condition isn't working. How can I fix this? Please explain your answer. Thanks.
I add some images for better understanding. Link 1. Link 2
In obj_meteoriteLv3 it's being destroyed before it can execute the rest of the code blocks. Move "Destroy Instance" to the bottom.
In obj_tempMeteoriteLv3 both variables "add" and "exist" are not necessary, instead have-
Create Event-
alarm[0] = 3600
alarm[1] = 10
Alarm[0] Event-
destroy_instance
Alarm[1] Event
Create_instance of obj_meteoriteLv3
alarm[1] = 10
Potentially, when you click, every single meteorite is triggered.
On the left click event of the meteorite, you did not check if the cursor was on the sprite. You have to use the position_meeting function, to which you pass the mouse position and the instance to click.
it would look like :
if (position_meeting(mouse_x, mouse_y, id))
{
//your destroy code
}
Moreover, when the instance_destroy(); line is read, the following code is ignored and the program jumps to the destroy_event. William explained it well and suggested to change the order of the lines of code, but you can also change the score in the destroy event directly.
I would like to add that checking for clicks in every instance of the meteorites is not optimal for performances.
My recommendation would be to use a single object to check for clicks (your player or your meteorite spawner, for example), in which you would check for clicks, and if a meteorite is touched, you would trigger it's destroy event. And in this event, you would increment the score and check the sprite.
Your click event would look like :
with (instance_position(mouse_x, mouse_y, obj_meteoriteLv3))
{
instance_destroy();
}
and in the meteorite destroy event, you would check the image_index and change the score accordingly.
EDIT : why the score doesn't change
I believe you didn't declare the score as a global variable, but as an instance variable. So when you write "score = ..." in an other object, it creates a new score variable, unrelated to the precedent.
You have 2 options :
1 - Declare the score a global variable in the create event of obj_score:
globalvar score;
score = //your starting score
Be aware that a global variable can't be set on it's initialisation line.
2 - Change the score through the score object :
whenever the score has to change :
obj_score.score = ...
I am very new to coding and I'm still trying different languages out, I started off with GameMaker Studio and changed to Godot due to its compatibility with Mac I might as well learn something newer since GameMaker has been out for quite some time.
I want to create a RPG game and apply animation to each direction the character moves but the animation only plays after the key is pressed AND lifted. This means that while my key is pressed, the animation stops, and the animation only plays while my character is standing still, which is the complete opposite of what I want. The script looked really straight forward, but doesn't seem to be working.
I would tag this as the GDScript language instead of Python, but I guess I'm not reputable enough to make a new tag, so I tagged it under python because it is the most similar.
#variables
extends KinematicBody2D
const spd = 100
var direction = Vector2()
var anim_player = null
func _ready():
set_fixed_process(true)
anim_player = get_node("move/ani_move")
#movement and sprite change
func _fixed_process(delta):
if (Input.is_action_pressed("ui_left")) :
direction.x = -spd
anim_player.play("ani_player_left")
elif (Input.is_action_pressed("ui_right")):
direction.x = spd
anim_player.play("ani_player_right")
else:
direction.x = 0
if (Input.is_action_pressed("ui_up")) :
direction.y = -spd
anim_player.play("ani_player_up")
elif (Input.is_action_pressed("ui_down")):
direction.y = (spd)
anim_player.play("ani_player_down")
else:
direction.y = 0
if (Input.is_action_pressed("ui_right")) and (Input.is_action_pressed("ui_left")):
direction.x = 0
if (Input.is_action_pressed("ui_up")) and (Input.is_action_pressed("ui_down")) :
direction.y = 0
# move
var motion = direction * delta
move(motion)
As you check the input in _fixed_process, you call anim_player.play() several times a frame, which always seems to restart the animation, and thus, keeps the very first frame of the animation visible all the time.
As soon as you release the key, anim_player.play() stops resetting the animation back to start, and it can actually proceed to play the following frames.
A simple straight-forward solution would be to remember the last animation you played, and only call play() as soon as it changes.
You need to know if the animation has changed
First you need to put these variables in your code:
var currentAnim = ""
var newAnim = ""
And then you add this in your _fixed process:
if newAnim != anim:
anim = newAnim
anim_player.play(newAnim)
To change the animation you use:
newAnim = "new animation here"
using psychopy ver 1.81.03 on a mac I want to draw a polygon (e.g. a triangle) on top of an image.
So far, my image stays always on top and thus hides the polygon, no matter the order I put them in. This also stays true if I have the polygon start a frame later than the image.
e.g. see inn the code below (created with the Builder before compiling) how both a blue square and a red triangle are supposed to start at frame 0, but when you run it the blue square always covers the red triangle!?
Is there a way to have the polygon on top? Do I somehow need to merge the image and polygon before drawing them?
Thank you so much for your help!!
Sebastian
#!/usr/bin/env python2
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
This experiment was created using PsychoPy2 Experiment Builder (v1.81.03), Sun Jan 18 20:44:26 2015
If you publish work using this script please cite the relevant PsychoPy publications
Peirce, JW (2007) PsychoPy - Psychophysics software in Python. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 162(1-2), 8-13.
Peirce, JW (2009) Generating stimuli for neuroscience using PsychoPy. Frontiers in Neuroinformatics, 2:10. doi: 10.3389/neuro.11.010.2008
"""
from __future__ import division # so that 1/3=0.333 instead of 1/3=0
from psychopy import visual, core, data, event, logging, sound, gui
from psychopy.constants import * # things like STARTED, FINISHED
import numpy as np # whole numpy lib is available, prepend 'np.'
from numpy import sin, cos, tan, log, log10, pi, average, sqrt, std, deg2rad, rad2deg, linspace, asarray
from numpy.random import random, randint, normal, shuffle
import os # handy system and path functions
# Ensure that relative paths start from the same directory as this script
_thisDir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
os.chdir(_thisDir)
# Store info about the experiment session
expName = u'test_triangle_over_square' # from the Builder filename that created this script
expInfo = {'participant':'', 'session':'001'}
dlg = gui.DlgFromDict(dictionary=expInfo, title=expName)
if dlg.OK == False: core.quit() # user pressed cancel
expInfo['date'] = data.getDateStr() # add a simple timestamp
expInfo['expName'] = expName
# Data file name stem = absolute path + name; later add .psyexp, .csv, .log, etc
filename = _thisDir + os.sep + 'data/%s_%s_%s' %(expInfo['participant'], expName, expInfo['date'])
# An ExperimentHandler isn't essential but helps with data saving
thisExp = data.ExperimentHandler(name=expName, version='',
extraInfo=expInfo, runtimeInfo=None,
originPath=None,
savePickle=True, saveWideText=True,
dataFileName=filename)
#save a log file for detail verbose info
logFile = logging.LogFile(filename+'.log', level=logging.EXP)
logging.console.setLevel(logging.WARNING) # this outputs to the screen, not a file
endExpNow = False # flag for 'escape' or other condition => quit the exp
# Start Code - component code to be run before the window creation
# Setup the Window
win = visual.Window(size=(1280, 800), fullscr=True, screen=0, allowGUI=False, allowStencil=False,
monitor='testMonitor', color=[0,0,0], colorSpace='rgb',
blendMode='avg', useFBO=True,
)
# store frame rate of monitor if we can measure it successfully
expInfo['frameRate']=win.getActualFrameRate()
if expInfo['frameRate']!=None:
frameDur = 1.0/round(expInfo['frameRate'])
else:
frameDur = 1.0/60.0 # couldn't get a reliable measure so guess
# Initialize components for Routine "trial"
trialClock = core.Clock()
ISI = core.StaticPeriod(win=win, screenHz=expInfo['frameRate'], name='ISI')
square = visual.ImageStim(win=win, name='square',units='pix',
image=None, mask=None,
ori=0, pos=[0, 0], size=[200, 200],
color=u'blue', colorSpace='rgb', opacity=1,
flipHoriz=False, flipVert=False,
texRes=128, interpolate=True, depth=-1.0)
polygon = visual.ShapeStim(win=win, name='polygon',units='pix',
vertices = [[-[200, 300][0]/2.0,-[200, 300][1]/2.0], [+[200, 300][0]/2.0,-[200, 300][1]/2.0], [0,[200, 300][1]/2.0]],
ori=0, pos=[0, 0],
lineWidth=1, lineColor=[1,1,1], lineColorSpace='rgb',
fillColor=u'red', fillColorSpace='rgb',
opacity=1,interpolate=True)
# Create some handy timers
globalClock = core.Clock() # to track the time since experiment started
routineTimer = core.CountdownTimer() # to track time remaining of each (non-slip) routine
#------Prepare to start Routine "trial"-------
t = 0
trialClock.reset() # clock
frameN = -1
# update component parameters for each repeat
# keep track of which components have finished
trialComponents = []
trialComponents.append(ISI)
trialComponents.append(square)
trialComponents.append(polygon)
for thisComponent in trialComponents:
if hasattr(thisComponent, 'status'):
thisComponent.status = NOT_STARTED
#-------Start Routine "trial"-------
continueRoutine = True
while continueRoutine:
# get current time
t = trialClock.getTime()
frameN = frameN + 1 # number of completed frames (so 0 is the first frame)
# update/draw components on each frame
# *square* updates
if frameN >= 0 and square.status == NOT_STARTED:
# keep track of start time/frame for later
square.tStart = t # underestimates by a little under one frame
square.frameNStart = frameN # exact frame index
square.setAutoDraw(True)
# *polygon* updates
if frameN >= 0 and polygon.status == NOT_STARTED:
# keep track of start time/frame for later
polygon.tStart = t # underestimates by a little under one frame
polygon.frameNStart = frameN # exact frame index
polygon.setAutoDraw(True)
# *ISI* period
if t >= 0.0 and ISI.status == NOT_STARTED:
# keep track of start time/frame for later
ISI.tStart = t # underestimates by a little under one frame
ISI.frameNStart = frameN # exact frame index
ISI.start(0.5)
elif ISI.status == STARTED: #one frame should pass before updating params and completing
ISI.complete() #finish the static period
# check if all components have finished
if not continueRoutine: # a component has requested a forced-end of Routine
routineTimer.reset() # if we abort early the non-slip timer needs reset
break
continueRoutine = False # will revert to True if at least one component still running
for thisComponent in trialComponents:
if hasattr(thisComponent, "status") and thisComponent.status != FINISHED:
continueRoutine = True
break # at least one component has not yet finished
# check for quit (the Esc key)
if endExpNow or event.getKeys(keyList=["escape"]):
core.quit()
# refresh the screen
if continueRoutine: # don't flip if this routine is over or we'll get a blank screen
win.flip()
else: # this Routine was not non-slip safe so reset non-slip timer
routineTimer.reset()
#-------Ending Routine "trial"-------
for thisComponent in trialComponents:
if hasattr(thisComponent, "setAutoDraw"):
thisComponent.setAutoDraw(False)
win.close()
core.quit()
As per Jonas' comment above, PsychoPy uses a layering system in which subsequent stimuli are drawn on top of previous stimuli (as in his code examples).
In the graphical Builder environment, drawing order is represented by the vertical order of stimulus components: stimuli at the top are drawn first, and ones lower down are progressively layered upon them.
You can change the order of stimulus components by right-clicking on them and selecting "Move up", "move down", etc as required.
Sebastian, has, however, identified a bug here, in that the intended drawing order is not honoured between ImageStim and ShapeStim components. As a work-around, you might be able to replace your ShapeStim with a bitmap representation, displayed using an ImageStim. Multiple ImageStims should draw correctly (as do multiple ShapeStims). To get it to draw correctly on top of another image, be sure to save it as a .png file, which supports transparency. That way, only the actual shape will be drawn on top, as its background pixels can be set to be transparent and will not mask the the underlying image.
For a long-term solution, I've added your issue as a bug report to the PsychoPy GitHub project here:
https://github.com/psychopy/psychopy/issues/795
It turned out to be a bug in the Polygon component in Builder.
This is fixed in the upcoming release (1.82.00). The changes needed to make the fix can be seen at
https://github.com/psychopy/psychopy/commit/af1af9a7a85cee9b4ec8ad5e2ff1f03140bd1a36
which you can add to your own installation if you like.
cheers,
Jon
I’m trying to animate a Mayavi pipeline volume:
src = mlab.pipeline.volume(mlab.pipeline.scalar_field(data),vmin=.1*np.max(data),vmax=.2*np.max(data))
that is combined in the pipeline by another dataset represented as a cut plane.
However, I can’t get the volume visualization to update - only the first frame shows up. The animation is stepping through the data correctly (I get different values of the np.max(data[t]) below) but nothing in the visualization changes.
My understanding is that mlab_source_set should re-render correctly, and there’s nothing on the web anywhere that describes this (as far as I can tell).
The animation looks like:
#mlab.show
#mlab.animate(delay=250,ui=True)
def anim(src,data,tax,fig):
"""Animate."""
t = 0
nt = len(tax)
while 1:
vmin = .1*np.max(data[t])
vmax = .2*np.max(data[t])
print 'animation t = ',tax[t],', max = ',np.max(data[t])
src.mlab_source.set(scalar = mlab.pipeline.scalar_field(data[t]), vmin=vmin,vmax=vmax)
t = mod(t+1,nt)
yield
Any thoughts?