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Using awk to transpose column to row
(2 answers)
Closed last year.
I have a data file having few columns and there are white space after few data points.
I want to convert 1st column into multiple rows (convert columns after whitespace into rows) .
e.g data file A.dat
2 1
11 1
15 2
24 2
3 1
12 1
16 2
25 2
4 1
13 1
17 2
26 2
using following command I am able to convert 1st column into Rows
awk '{print $1}' A.dat | awk 'BEGIN { ORS = " " } { print }'
this is the output of the above command
2 11 15 24 3 12 16 25 4 13 17 26
Requirements
I want my output like this
this is row: 2 11 15 24
this is row: 3 12 16 25
this is row: 4 13 17 26
Is it possible to convert column into rows with "this is row" in front of that using
awk or any other way. I don't have much knowledge about other methods.
This may be what you're trying to do:
awk '
NF { row = row " " $1; next }
row != "" { print "this is row:" row; row="" }
END { if (row != "") print "this is row:" row }
' A.dat
This assumes a blank line finishes the row and a non-blank line starts a new row.
Alternatively, using sed:
sed -e 's/[[:blank:]]*\([^[:blank:]]*\).*/\1/' \
-e '/./{;H;$!d;}' \
-e 'x;/^$/d;y/\n/ /;s/^/this is row:/' \
A.dat
Related
I have a file which has n number of rows, i want it's data to be distributed in 7 files as per below order
** my input file has n number of rows, this is just an example.
Input file
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1
5
16
17
.
.
28
Output file
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
14 13 12 11 10 9 8
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
28 27 26 25 24 23 22
so if i open the first file it should have rows
1
14
15
28
similarly if i open the second file it should have rows
2
13
16
27
similarly output for the other files as well.
Can anybody please help, with below code it is doing what is required but not in required order.
awk '{print > ("te1234"++c".txt");c=(NR%n)?c:0}' n=7 test6.txt
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
EDIT: Since OP has changed sample of Input_file totally different so adding this solution now, again this is written and tested with shown samples only.
With xargs + single awk: (recommended one)
xargs -n7 < Input_file |
awk '
FNR%2!=0{
for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){
print $i >> (i".txt")
close(i".txt")
}
next
}
FNR%2==0{
for(i=NF;i>0;i--){
count++
print $i >> (count".txt")
close(i".txt")
}
count=""
}'
Initial solution:
xargs -n7 < Input_file |
awk '
FNR%2==0{
for(i=NF;i>0;i--){
val=(val?val OFS:"")$i
}
$i=val
val=""
}
1' |
awk '
{
for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){
print $i >> (i".txt")
close(i".txt")
}
}'
Above could be done with single awk too will add xargs + awk(single) solution in few mins too.
Could you please try following, written and tested with shown samples in GNU awk.
awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){print $i >> (i".txt");close(i".txt")}}' Input_file
The output file counter could descend for each second group of seven:
awk 'FNR%n==1 {asc=!asc}
{
out="te1234" (asc ? ++c : c--) ".txt";
print >> out;
close(out)
}' n=7 test6.txt
$ ls
file tst.awk
$ cat tst.awk
{ rec = (cnt % 2 ? $1 sep rec : rec sep $1); sep=FS }
!(NR%n) {
++cnt
nf = split(rec,flds)
for (i=1; i<=nf; i++) {
out = "te1234" i ".txt"
print flds[i] >> out
close(out)
}
rec=sep=""
}
.
$ awk -v n=7 -f tst.awk file
.
$ ls
file te12342.txt te12344.txt te12346.txt tst.awk
te12341.txt te12343.txt te12345.txt te12347.txt
$ cat te12341.txt
1
14
15
28
$ cat te12342.txt
2
13
16
27
If you can have input that's not an exact multiple of n then move the code that's currently in the !(NR%n) block into a function and call that function there and in an END section.
This might work for you (GNU sed & parallel):
parallel 'echo {1}~14w file{1}; echo {2}~14w file{1}' ::: {1..7} :::+ {14..8} |
sed -n -f - file &&
paste file{1..7}
Create a sed script to write files named filen where n is 1 thru 7 (see above first set of parameters in the parallel command and also in the paste command).
The sed script uses the n~m address where n is the starting address and m is the modulo thereafter.
The distributed files are created first and the paste command then joins them all together to produce a single output file (tab separated by default, use paste -d option to get desired delimiter).
Alternative using Bash & sed:
for ((n=1,m=14;n<=7;n++,m--));do echo "$n~14w file$n";echo "$m~14w file$n";done |
sed -nf - file &&
paste file{1..7}
I can't find any resources about this issue.
macOS and ubuntu both give me the same result like below.
>>> seq 10 | sed '
3p
6d
'
1
2
3
3
4
5
7
8
9
10
but when I insert the comment, sed in macOS gives me the error.
>>> seq 10 | sed '
3p # print 3rd line
6d # print 6th line
'
sed: 2: "
3p # print 3rd line
6 ...": extra characters at the end of p command
is a comment not supported in macOS? or did I some mistake?
please let me know, thank you.
Any time you use sed for more than s/old/new/ you're using the wrong tool and probably using non-portable constructs. Just use awk for portability, clarity, efficiency, robustness, etc. This will work using any awk in any shell on every UNIX box:
$ seq 10 | awk '
NR == 3 { print }
NR == 6 { print }
{ print }
'
1
2
3
3
4
5
6
6
7
8
9
10
No comments required because the code is clear. You can add comments if you like of course:
$ seq 10 | awk '
NR == 3 { print } # print 3rd line
NR == 6 { print } # print 6th line
{ print } # print all lines
'
1
2
3
3
4
5
6
6
7
8
9
10
or if you wanted to delete instead of print the 6th line:
$ seq 10 | awk '
NR == 3 { print } # print 3rd line
NR == 6 { next } # delete 6th line
{ print } # print all lines
'
1
2
3
3
4
5
7
8
9
10
and you can make the code a bit less clear by relying on default behavior if you prefer brevity:
# seq 10 | awk '
NR == 3 # print 3rd line
NR == 6 # print 6th line
1 # print all lines
'
1
2
3
3
4
5
6
6
7
8
9
10
$ seq 10 | awk '
NR == 3 # print 3rd line
NR != 6 # print all lines except the 6th
'
1
2
3
3
4
5
7
8
9
10
I have some ascii files I’m processing, with 35 columns each, and variable number of rows. I need to take the difference between two columns (N+1), and place the results into a duplicate ascii file on column number 36. Then, I need to take another column, and divide it (row by row) by column 36, and place that result into the same duplicate ascii file in column 37.
I’ve done similar processing in the past, but by outputting temp files for each awk command, reading each successive temp file in to eventually create a final ascii file. Then, I would delete the temp files after. I’m hoping there is an easier/faster method than having to create a bunch of temp files.
Below is an initial working processing step, that the above awk commands would need to follow and fit into. This step gets the data from foo.txt, removes the header, and processes only the rows containing a particular, but varying, string.
cat foo.txt | tail -n +2 | awk '$17 ~ /^[F][0-9][0-9][0-9]$/' >> foo_new.txt
There’s another processing step for different data files, that I would also need the 2 new columns discussed earlier. This is simply appending a unique file name from what’s being catted to the last column of every row in a new ascii file. This command is actually in a loop with varying input files, but I’ve simplified it here.
cat foo.txt | tail -n +2 | awk -v fname="$fname" '{print $0 OFS fname;}' >> foo_new.txt
An example of one of the foo.txt files.
20 0 5 F001
4 2 3 F002
12 4 8 F003
100 10 29 O001
Below would be the example foo_new.txt desired. The requested 2 columns of output from awk (last 2 columns). In this example, column 5 is the difference between column 3 and 2 plus 1. Column 6 is the result of column 1 divided by column 5.
20 0 5 F001 6 3.3
4 2 3 F002 2 2.0
12 4 8 F003 5 2.4
For the second example foo_new.txt. The last column is an example of fname. These are computed in the shell script, and passed to awk. I don't care if the results in column 7 (fname) are at the end or placed between columns 4 and 5, so long as it gets along with the other awk statements.
20 0 5 F001 6 3.3 C1
4 2 3 F002 2 2.0 C2
12 4 8 F003 5 2.4 C3
The best luck so far, but unfortunately this is producing a file with the original output first, and the added output below it. I'd like to have the added output appended on as columns (#5 and #6).
cat foo.txt | tail -n +2 | awk '$17 ~ /^[F][0-9][0-9][0-9]$/' >> foo_new.txt
cat foo_new.txt | awk '{print $4=$3-$2+1, $5=$1/($3-$2+1)}' >> foo_new.txt
Consider an input file data with header line like this (based closely on your minimal example):
Col1 Col2 Col3 Col4
20 0 5 F001
4 2 3 F002
12 4 8 F003
100 10 29 O001
You want the output to contain a column 5 that is the value of $3 - $2 + 1 (column 3 minus column 2 plus 1), and a column 6 that is the value of column 1 divided by column 5 (with 1 decimal place in the output), and a file name that is based on a variable fname passed to the script but that has a unique value for each line. And you only want lines where column 4 matches F and 3 digits, and you want to skip the first line. That can all be written directly in awk:
awk -v fname=C '
NR == 1 { next }
$4 ~ /^F[0-9][0-9][0-9]$/ { c5 = $3 - $2 + 1
c6 = sprintf("%.1f", $1 / c5)
print $0, c5, c6, fname NR
}' data
You could write that on one line too:
awk -v fname=C 'NR==1{next} $4~/^F[0-9][0-9][0-9]$/ { c5=$3-$2+1; print $0,c5,sprintf("%.1f",$1/c5), fname NR }' data
The output is:
20 0 5 F001 6 3.3 C2
4 2 3 F002 2 2.0 C3
12 4 8 F003 5 2.4 C4
Clearly, you could change the file name so that the counter starts from 0 or 1 by using counter++ or ++counter respectively in place of the NR in the print statement, and you could format it with leading zeros or whatever else you want with sprintf() again. If you want to drop the first line of each file, rather than just the first file, change the NR == 1 condition to FNR == 1 instead.
Note that this does not need the preprocessing provided by cat foo.txt | tail -n +2.
I need to take the difference between two columns (N+1), and place the results into a duplicate ascii file on column number 36. Then, I need to take another column, and divide it (row by row) by column 36, and place that result into the same duplicate ascii file in column 37.
That's just:
awk -vN=9 -vanother_column=10 '{ v36 = $N - $(N+1); print $0, v36, $another_column / v36 }' input_file.tsv
I guess your file has some "header"/special "first line", so if it's the first line, then preserve it:
awk ... 'NR==1{print $0, "36_header", "37_header"} NR>1{ ... the script above ... }`
Taking first 3 columns from the example script you presented, and substituting N for 2 and another_column for 1, we get the following script:
# recreate input file
cat <<EOF |
20 0 5
4 2 3
12 4 8
100 10 29
EOF
tr -s ' ' |
tr ' ' '\t' > input_file.tsv
awk -vOFS=$'\t' -vIFS=$'\t' -vN=2 -vanother_column=1 '{ tmp = $(N + 1) - $N; print $0, tmp, $another_column / tmp }' input_file.tsv
and it will output:
20 0 5 5 4
4 2 3 1 4
12 4 8 4 3
100 10 29 19 5.26316
Such script:
awk -vOFS=$'\t' -vIFS=$'\t' -vN=2 -vanother_column=1 '{ tmp = $(N + 1) - $N + 1; print $0, tmp, sprintf("%.1f", $another_column / tmp) }' input_file.tsv
I think get's closer output to what you want:
20 0 5 6 3.3
4 2 3 2 2.0
12 4 8 5 2.4
100 10 29 20 5.0
And I guess that by that (N+1) you meant "the difference between two columns with 1 added".
I have over 600 files and I need to extract single column from each of the files and write them in a output file. My current code does this work and it takes column from all files and write the columns one after another in output file. However, I need two thing in my output file:
In the output file, instead of adding columns one after another, I need each column from the input files will be added as a new column in the output file (preferably as a TSV file).
The column name will be replaced by the file name.
My example code:
for f in *; do cat "$f" | tr "\t" "~" | cut -d"~" -f2; done >out.txt
Example input:
file01.txt
col1 col2 col3
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
10 11 12
file02.txt
col4 col5 col6
11 12 13
14 15 16
17 18 19
110 111 112
My current output:
col2
2
5
8
11
col5
12
15
18
111
Expected output:
file01.txt file02.txt
2 12
5 15
8 18
11 111
You can use awk like this:
awk -v OFS='\t' 'BEGIN {
for (i=1; i<ARGC; i++)
printf ARGV[i] OFS;
print ARGV[i];
}
FNR==1 { next }
{
a[FNR]=(a[FNR]==""?"":a[FNR] OFS) $2
}
END {
for(i=2; i<=FNR; i++)
print a[i];
}' file*.txt
file01.txt file02.txt
2 12
5 15
8 18
11 111
If we have the first file like below:
(a.txt)
1 asm
2 assert
3 bio
4 Bootasm
5 bootmain
6 buf
7 cat
8 console
9 defs
10 echo
and the second like:
(b.txt)
bio cat BIO bootasm
bio defs cat
Bio console
bio BiO
bIo assert
bootasm asm
bootasm echo
bootasm console
bootmain buf
bootmain bio
bootmain bootmain
bootmain defs
cat cat
cat assert
cat assert
and we want the output will be like this:
3 7 3 4
3 9 7
3 8
3 3
3 2
4 1
4 10
4 8
5 6
5 3
5 5
5 9
7 7
7 2
7 2
we read each second column in each file in the first file, we search if it exist in each column in each line in the second file if yes we replace it with the the number in the first column in the first file. i did it in only the fist column, i couldn't do it for the rest.
Here the command i use
awk 'NR==FNR{a[$2]=$1;next}{$1=a[$1];}1' a.txt b.txt
3 cat bio bootasm
3 defs cat
3 console
3 bio
3 assert
4 asm
4 echo
4 console
5 buf
5 bio
5 bootmain
5 defs
7 cat
7 assert
7 assert
how should i do to the other columns ?
Thankyou
awk 'NR==FNR{h[$2]=$1;next} {for (i=1; i<=NF;i++) $i=h[$i];}1' a.txt b.txt
NR is the global record number (line number default) across all files. FNR is the line number for the current file. The NR==FNR block specifies what action to take when global line number is equal to the current number, which is only true for the first file, i.e., a.txt. The next statement in this block skips the rest of the code so the for loop is only available to the second file, e.i., b.txt.
First, we process the first file in order to store the word ids in an associative array: NR==FNR{h[$2]=$1;next}. After which, we can use these ids to map the words in the second file. The for loop (for (i=1; i<=NF;i++) $i=h[$i];) iterates over all columns and sets each column to a number instead of the string, so $i=h[$i] actually replaces the word at the ith column with its id. Finally the 1 at the end of the scripts causes all lines to be printed out.
Produces:
3 7 3 4
3 9 7
3 8
3 3
3 2
4 1
4 10
4 8
5 6
5 3
5 5
5 9
7 7
7 2
7 2
To make the script case-insensitive, add tolower calls into the array indices:
awk 'NR==FNR{h[tolower($2)]=$1;next} {for (i=1; i<=NF;i++) $i=h[tolower($i)];}1' a.txt b.txt
divide and conquer!, a bit archaic but does the job =)
awk 'NR==FNR{a[$2]=$0;next}{$1=a[$1];}1' a.txt b.txt | tr ' ' ',' | awk '{ print $1 }' FS="," > 1
awk 'NR==FNR{a[$2]=$0;next}{$1=a[$2];}1' a.txt b.txt | tr ' ' ',' | awk '{ print $1 }' FS="," > 2
awk 'NR==FNR{a[$2]=$0;next}{$1=a[$3];}1' a.txt b.txt | tr ' ' ',' | awk '{ print $1 }' FS="," > 3
awk 'NR==FNR{a[$2]=$0;next}{$1=a[$4];}1' a.txt b.txt | tr ' ' ',' | awk '{ print $1 }' FS="," > 4
paste 1 2 3 4 | tr '\t' ' '
gives:
3 7 3 4
3 9 7
3 8
3 3
3 2
4 1
4 10
4 8
5 6
5 3
5 5
5 9
7 7
7 2
7 2
in this case I just changed the number of columns and paste the results together with a bit of edition in between.
{
cat a.txt; echo "--EndA--";cat b.txt
} | sed -n '1 h
1 !H
$ {
x
: loop
s/^ *\([[:digit:]]\{1,\}\) *\([^[:cntrl:]]*\)\(\n\)\(.*\)\2/\1 \2\3\4\1/
t loop
s/^ *[[:digit:]]\{1,\} *[^[:cntrl:]]*\n//
t loop
s/^[[:space:]]*--EndA--\n//
p
}
'
"--EndA--" could be something else if chance that it will present in one of the file (a.txt mainly)