SpringBootTest in error with h2 v2.1.214 because of PageRequest - spring-boot

Question

I have some tests in error after upgrading from Spring boot 2.5.6 to 2.7.3.
For information we use Oracle for the database and h2 for tests.
I have some tests in failure with the following error:
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLSyntaxErrorException
In fact, the version of h2 was 1.4.200 before and is 2.1.214 now and a lot of things seem to have changed. The reason of the error is not always the same according to the test in error. Sometimes it is an error with a table not found (not solved yet), sometimes it is an error with "Values of types "BOOLEAN" and "INTEGER" are not comparable" (solved by updating a query where a comparison was done with a boolean column like this myBoolean = 0 and it has been updated to myBoolean = false) and I also have an error on a query done with a PageRequest.
For this last case, I have a Controller like this:
public Page<MyEntity> doSomething() {
final Sort sort = Sort.by(Order.desc("column1"));
final PageRequest pageRequest = PageRequest.of(0, 1000, sort);
return myEntityRepository.findAll(pageRequest);
}
But I have an error like that:
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLSyntaxErrorException: Syntax error in SQL statement "select myentity0_.id as id1_47_, myentity0_.column1 as column1_47_, myentity0_.column2 as column2_47_ from my_table myentity0_ order by myentity0_.column1 desc [*]limit ?"; SQL statement:
select myentity0_.id as id1_47_, myentity0_.column1 as column1_47_, myentity0_.column2 as column2_47_ from my_table myentity0_ order by myentity0_.column1 desc limit ? [42000-214]
at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:502)
at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:477)
at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:223)
at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:199)
at org.h2.message.DbException.getSyntaxError(DbException.java:247)
at org.h2.command.Parser.getSyntaxError(Parser.java:898)
at org.h2.command.Parser.prepareCommand(Parser.java:572)
at org.h2.engine.SessionLocal.prepareLocal(SessionLocal.java:631)
at org.h2.engine.SessionLocal.prepareCommand(SessionLocal.java:554)
at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcConnection.prepareCommand(JdbcConnection.java:1116)
at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcPreparedStatement.<init>(JdbcPreparedStatement.java:92)
at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcConnection.prepareStatement(JdbcConnection.java:288)
at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.ProxyConnection.prepareStatement(ProxyConnection.java:337)
at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariProxyConnection.prepareStatement(HikariProxyConnection.java)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$5.doPrepare(StatementPreparerImpl.java:149)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$StatementPreparationTemplate.prepareStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:176)
... 205 more
If I change the Controller like this,the test is in success:
public Page<MyEntity> doSomething() {
List<MyEntity> result = myEntityRepository.findAll();
return new PageImpl<MyEntity>(result);
}
So It seems that the problem was due by the use of PageRequest.
Do you have an idea please?

Answer 1

Java persistence libraries are usually tested only with default Regular mode of H2 and may not work well with other modes.
Oracle doesn't support MySQL/PostgreSQL-style LIMIT, and H2 doesn't allow it in Oracle compatibility mode, but some libraries produce LIMIT instead of standard OFFSET / FETCH for H2.
Spring Data JDBC (spring-data-relational) added support of custom compatibility modes of H2 only about a month ago and version 2.4.3 with this fix isn't released yet.
Hibernate ORM 6.*.* should work well, but Hibernate ORM 5.6.* has a known issue:
https://hibernate.atlassian.net/jira/software/c/projects/HHH/issues/HHH-15318
You can enable LIMIT in Oracle compatibility mode of H2 as a temporary workaround. To do that, you need to execute the following Java code during initialization of your application:
org.h2.engine.Mode mode = org.h2.engine.Mode.getInstance("ORACLE");
mode.limit = true;