I'm evaluating Ory Kratos for 2FA. I can display a settings page with the TOTP enrolment QR code and successfully enrol for 2FA with the Google Authenticator app. However once I have done this then the settings page allows me to unlink (and subsequently re-link) the 2FA without requiring further 2FA authentication i.e. at AAL1.
I think that this is a major security flaw. It should not be possible to unlink the 2FA account at AAL1. By doing so a hacker could simply unlink and relink their own app and gain access to the parts of the application which require AAL2 or higher access.
Am I missing something? Is there some way to protect the 2FA enrolment to stop a hacker (who has taken over the account) from simply relinking the 2FA to their own Authenticator app? It doesn't seem possible as it stands.
Related
I have a web app which sends emails (gmail) in name of my users
When a user registers, she supplies gmail account and password. Also she has to enable access for Less Secure Apps (I recommend to create a new account for this)
Then I can open a gmail session
session = Session.getInstance(props, new javax.mail.Authenticator() {
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(user.getEmail(), user.getPassword());
}
});
and send emails on her behalf.
Unfortunately this is going to stop working next 30th May, when Google will allow only OAUTH2 access
I have followed Java Quickstart for Gmail API and I have code up and running for sending emails with OAUTH2: enable gmail api, create an application on google cloud platform, grant send permission, oauth2 client id credential created...
The problem I have is I can't see a way to automatize this task because when creating an authorized credential, a consent screen displays on browser and you have to select the account to be granted manually (maybe because my app in google cloud platform is still pending to be reviewed)
Is there a way to infer the gmail account you want to access from the credentials file (client_secret.json)? Is there a way to automatize this?
No, or yes. It depends.
The whole point of OAuth2 is to improve security by working with authorization tokens rather than asking for user credentials. To do this the user has to consent to the app's access request, and thus the OAuth consent screen cannot be bypassed. This is
explained in Google's documentation. It's not related to your app's review status but rather it's the way OAuth works.
You can still work in a similar way, though . Instead of asking for username and password upon the user's registration you can redirect them to the OAuth consent screen so they can authorize your app. Make sure that your app is requesting offline access type and then you can retrieve an access_token and a refresh_token. These will essentially work as your credentials and you can use the refresh token to generate new access tokens when needed without having the user go through the consent screen each time.
The refresh token doesn't have a "natural" expiration so you can keep using it indefinitely, but there are a few scenarios where it will become invalid, such as it not being used for six months, the user changing passwords (if using Gmail scopes), the user manually revoking access, etc. In these cases you will need to direct them to the consent screen again to reauthorize your app.
In this sense, your app can still work automatically without user input except the initial setup, which you already had to deal with when they supplied you with their credentials. The refresh token expiration can even be compared to what you had to do when the users changed their passwords in your current workflow.
One exception to this are service accounts. If you and your users are part of a Google Workspace domain you can delegate domain-wide access to it, then the service account will be able to access user data without any manual input. Of course, this is because as the domain administrator you pretty much own all the accounts under it. But if you're working with a publicly available application you will have to deal with the limitations I mentioned above.
Sources:
Google's auth overview
Using OAuth 2.0 to access Google APIs
OAuth 2.0 for web applications
The OAuth consent screen
Users can go to account.google.com and revoke access from my site. How can I accomplish the same thing?
I have a site that uses Google authentication. The site, however, does not have a sign up process. New users are added by the site administrators. This is accomplished by simply adding their email to a list. This works fine in most cases. If a user comes to the site they are requested to authenticate with Google. I get their email if it is on the list I let them in. If it is not I tell them that they are not authorized to use the site.
If the user has multiple Google accounts logged in to their browser everything works fine. If the user has only one account signed in, and that is an authorized account all is well too. The next time they go to the site they are allowed in without authentication. Which is really cool.
However, if the one account they have signed in with on their browser is not authorized they are immideatly taken to the "You are not authorized" page. They are not given the opportunity to sign in with some other account.
If I could revoke the permission they granted to the site in Google (for unauthorized users), the next time they come to the site it would ask them to sign in again and give them the option of signing in with another account. Authorized accounts are typically work accounts. I am afraid that because the sign in process is so quick and easy, if someone accidentally signs in with their personal account on their phone they won't get a second chance to correct the error.
This is done by Revoking the token. Thanks #DalmTo
In some cases a user may wish to revoke access given to an application. A user can revoke access by visiting Account Settings. It is also possible for an application to programmatically revoke the access given to it. Programmatic revocation is important in instances where a user unsubscribes or removes an application. In other words, part of the removal process can include an API request to ensure the permissions granted to the application are removed.
there is a service where one can authorize using their Google account.
I need to automate the workflow with that service, so my software has to log-in with a given Google account.
But as I've never done that before I don't know where to start. Most related answers suggest to display the authorization page to the user letting them to enter their login/password of their Google account, but that's not the case since my software must be fully automated, plus it is being ran in terminal mode so no browser neither any human to enter anything should be involved.
I wonder if such automation could be possible and where should I start.
The standard way to authenticate a user with google is through a three-legged oauth authentication flow (in a browser). You can do this in go using the oauth2 or with a more comprehensive package like goth
The general flow is:
redirect user to a landing page on google's site where they are prompted to grant you access.
google will make a callback to your site with a special code.
you make another request to exchange that code for an access token and a refresh token.
Use access token to use google apis, and use refresh token to get a new access token anytime it expires.
It is more detailed than this, and there is a lot to get right to keep it secure, but that is the general idea.
Now, like you've said, your app is a command line thing, so it is hard to do that flow. Unfortunately, you may need to do that once, just to get a refresh token. Once you have that, you could give it to your application: myapp -google-token=FOOBAR123, and your app can exchange the referesh token for a valid access token.
Maybe this will help: https://github.com/burnash/gspread/wiki/How-to-get-OAuth-access-token-in-console%3F
We're trying to figure out how to submit to the marketplace, but are not sure what we need to do to alter our existing signup flow to accomodate the SSO requirement
Our app was not originally built to be a marketplace app so our signup flow is built for individual users. We are already following the OAuth2 flow as outlined on this documentation page. However, its not clear to me how this works for an entire org when installing from the context of a marketplace app.
Does the admin grant access to all the individual scopes we currently request for the entire org at once? Is there need for some sort of service account or something since we currently are requesting offline access? I'd like to understand what changes we need to make to our server's signup flow in or whether it is just a scope / manifest mismatch.
We currently request the following scopes from an individual user when signing up.
['email', 'profile' ,'https://mail.google.com/', 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/calendar'],
Exact questions are...
What (if anything) do we need to do to alter our current individual-focused signup flow to accommodate a Google Apps Admin signing up their whole domain?
What scopes do we need to in our Google Apps Admin listing and how do they relate to the scopes we currently request from individuals?
There are not so many changes if you are already using three legged OAuth2.
The first change would be in you project in the developer console. There you need to enable the Marketplace SDK and make the necessary configurations. Here you will add the scopes that your app will request and those are the scopes that the admin will see when installing the app.
The admin will see the scopes your app is requesting, and he will decide if it's ok to install the application in the domain. If it is approved, then yes, the admin would grant access to the entire domain.
Offline access is part of the Oauth flow, after you receive the refresh token, you can continue refreshing the access token without having the user to grant access again.
It is not necessary to have a service account. The service account has two purposes:
To manage information related to the application. In this case the service account can have access to it's own drive to store and retrieve information that is related to the app functionality.
Impersonation of users. When using domain delegation of authority, you can use a service account to impersonate any user in a domain and act on it's behalf to make API calls.
To deploy your app, you also have to create a new project in the Chrome Web Store, with a manifest for Marketplace.
To answer your questions:
It's not necessary that you modify your current oauth flow. The admin will install the app in the domain, but when a user access to the app, the process for authentication is the same as individual.
The scopes in your Marketplace SDK configuration should match the scopes your app will use. This is mostly for security reasons, it wouldn't be safe if you install an app with some scopes and then the app uses different scopes.
You can try your app before actually deploying it by adding trusted testers in the chrome web store dashboard or in the Console API configuration. This way you can check if your flows and all the configurations were done correctly.
Hope this helps. Let me know if you have more questions.
I’m new with the marketplace and I’m developing an application to replace google's login with my app, which uses strong authentication.
To use it you don’t need to install anything, it’s only a matter of configuration of your google app. When you try to access mail.google.com/a/yourdomain.com it will redirect to our application where the validation process occurs, and after validating it will return to google web site.
Same happens with logout and password change, you will be redirected to my app.
When a user needs to change the account password, we use google admin api to change it, of course, it requieres a previous authorization from a domain user with administration privileges.
Question is, how to publish an application like this on the market place?, I don’t see how to do it according to the new regulations from november 19th, for example, the application type and the fact that it should be an installable listing.
Someone who can give me a hint or example.
Thanks in advance.
Fernando.
--- EDITED --- to answer to Koma
The thing is, we already have the application, what we're doing now is to do some changes to make it ready to use it with google apps.
There’s an option in the security section called “set up single sign-on (SSO)” where you configure 3 URL’s for:
Sign-in page URL (URL for signing in to your system and Google Apps)
Sign-out page URL (URL to redirect users to when they sign out)
Change password URL (URL to let users change their password in your system; when defined here, this URL is shown even when Single Sign-on is not enabled)
When you a user needs to change your account’s password you will be redirected to our application (because google have delegated that responsibility to Us). There, through OAUTH and Google Admin API, we will change the password for your google user.
We want to be listed in google’s marketplace as a solution for strong authentication delegating that functionality to our application, but we don’t see how because the user that will use our solution doesn’t need to install anything, and according to what I understand we are forced to upload something to be listed
Does that make sense to you?
From what I read, you want to replace authentication with your own. That's not feasible with a market place app.
You need to implement a SAML identity provider
https://developers.google.com/google-apps/sso/saml_reference_implementation