package polymorphism;
import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.GenericXmlApplicationContext;
public class TVUser {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 1.Spring 컨테이너를 구동한다.
AbstractApplicationContext factory =
new GenericXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
// 2. Spring 컨테이너로 부터 필요한 객체를 요청(Lookup) 한다
TV tv = (TV)factory.getBean("tv");
tv.powerOn();
tv.volumeUp();
tv.volumeDown();
tv.powerOff();
// 3. Spring 컨테이너를 종료한다.
factory.close();
}
}
/BoardWeb/src/main/resources/log4j.xml
/BoardWeb/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from class path resource [applicationContext.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [applicationContext.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:342)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:310)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:188)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:224)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:195)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:257)
at org.springframework.context.support.GenericXmlApplicationContext.load(GenericXmlApplicationContext.java:130)
at org.springframework.context.support.GenericXmlApplicationContext.(GenericXmlApplicationContext.java:70)
at polymorphism.TVUser.main(TVUser.java:14)
Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [applicationContext.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist
at org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource.getInputStream(ClassPathResource.java:187)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:333)
... 8 more
Related
I'm following this spring-data-aerospike tutorial and setup the sample application and it is working fine.
Now I want to convert this spring boot application to spring application so I wrote the below code.
package com.aerospike.demo.simplespringbootaerospikedemo;
import com.aerospike.demo.simplespringbootaerospikedemo.configuration.AerospikeConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.data.aerospike.core.AerospikeTemplate;
public class TestSpringConfig {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
ApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AerospikeConfiguration.class);
AerospikeTemplate template = ctx.getBean(AerospikeTemplate.class);
}
}
18:33:25.430 [main] WARN org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext - Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'aerospikeTemplate' defined in com.aerospike.demo.simplespringbootaerospikedemo.configuration.AerospikeConfiguration: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'aerospikeTemplate' parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'aerospikeClient' defined in com.aerospike.demo.simplespringbootaerospikedemo.configuration.AerospikeConfiguration: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [com.aerospike.client.AerospikeClient]: Factory method 'aerospikeClient' threw exception; nested exception is com.aerospike.client.AerospikeException$Connection: Error -8: Failed to connect to host(s):
null 0 Error -8: java.net.ConnectException: Can't assign requested address (connect failed)
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:800)
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:541)
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1334)
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1177)
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:564)
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:524)
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335)
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208)
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:944)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:917)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:582)
org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.<init>(AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.java:93)
com.aerospike.demo.simplespringbootaerospikedemo.TestSpringConfig.main(TestSpringConfig.java:10)
So I did tweak the code liitle bit like below to set the properties into system -
import com.aerospike.demo.simplespringbootaerospikedemo.configuration.AerospikeConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.data.aerospike.core.AerospikeTemplate;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
public class TestSpringConfig {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
System.out.println(ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream("application.properties").available());
Properties props = new Properties();
InputStream resourceAsStream = ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream("application.properties");
if (resourceAsStream != null) {
props.load(resourceAsStream);
}
if(props != null) {
System.setProperties(props);
}
try {
ApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AerospikeConfiguration.class);
AerospikeTemplate template = ctx.getBean(AerospikeTemplate.class);
} catch (Exception e) {
StackTraceElement[] st = e.getStackTrace();
if(st != null) {
System.out.println("st.length = " + st.length);
}
Stream.of(st).forEach(System.out::println);
} catch (ExceptionInInitializerError e) {
System.out.println(e.getCause());
e.getCause().printStackTrace();
}
}
}
When I run the program with the changes above I get the below stack trace for e.getCause().printStackTrace() -
java.lang.NullPointerException
at ch.qos.logback.core.CoreConstants.<clinit>(CoreConstants.java:47)
at ch.qos.logback.classic.layout.TTLLLayout.doLayout(TTLLLayout.java:52)
at ch.qos.logback.classic.layout.TTLLLayout.doLayout(TTLLLayout.java:23)
at ch.qos.logback.core.encoder.LayoutWrappingEncoder.encode(LayoutWrappingEncoder.java:115)
at ch.qos.logback.core.OutputStreamAppender.subAppend(OutputStreamAppender.java:230)
at ch.qos.logback.core.OutputStreamAppender.append(OutputStreamAppender.java:102)
at ch.qos.logback.core.UnsynchronizedAppenderBase.doAppend(UnsynchronizedAppenderBase.java:84)
at ch.qos.logback.core.spi.AppenderAttachableImpl.appendLoopOnAppenders(AppenderAttachableImpl.java:51)
at ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger.appendLoopOnAppenders(Logger.java:270)
at ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger.callAppenders(Logger.java:257)
at ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger.buildLoggingEventAndAppend(Logger.java:421)
at ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger.filterAndLog_0_Or3Plus(Logger.java:383)
at ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger.log(Logger.java:765)
at org.apache.commons.logging.LogAdapter$Slf4jLocationAwareLog.debug(LogAdapter.java:468)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.prepareRefresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:628)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:549)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.<init>(AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.java:93)
at com.aerospike.demo.simplespringbootaerospikedemo.TestSpringConfig.main(TestSpringConfig.java:26)
I'm running out of the the available options. How to fix this error.
The code is on github here
I added line.separator=\n to the application.properties which fixed the issue
I have a spring-boot application where my #SpringBootApplication starter class looks like a standard one and getting Caused by:
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Failed
to parse configuration class [com.abct.ECRRestServer];
nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open
ServletContext resource [/application.properties]
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#SpringBootTest
public class ECRRestServerTest {
#Test
public void contextTest() {
}
}
Encountering below issue.
2019-04-27 18:51:25.732 ERROR 15096 --- [ main]
o.s.test.context.TestContextManager : Caught exception while
allowing TestExecutionListener
[org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener#78e117e3]
to prepare test instance [com.abct.ECRRestServerTest#16ecee1]
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException:
Failed
to parse configuration class [com.abct.ECRRestServer]; nested
exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open
ServletContext resource [/applicati
on.properties]
I revise some bean definition through a customized BeanFactoryPostProcessor
When the web application startup, it failed:
#Component
public class RPCTimeoutPostProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RPCTimeoutPostProcessor.class);
#Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
overriderThriftTimeoutPolicy(beanFactory);
}
private void overriderThriftTimeoutPolicy(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
Map<String, ThriftClientProxy> map = beanFactory.getBeansOfType(ThriftClientProxy.class);
Set<String> keySet = map.keySet();
}
}
[WARNING] Failed startup of context o.m.j.p.JettyWebAppContext
org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException:
Error creating bean with name 'baseSystemApi': Unsatisfied dependency
expressed through field 'appConfigService'; nested exception is
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error
creating bean with name 'appConfigService': Invocation of init method
failed; nested exception is org.mybatis.spring.MyBatisSystemException:
nested exception is org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.PersistenceException:
Error querying database. Cause: java.lang.NullPointerException The
error may exist in com/xxx/dao/WmAppTextDao.java (best guess) The
error may involve com.xxx.dao.WmAppTextDao.getAll The error occurred
while executing a query Cause: java.lang.NullPointerException at
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:588)
I am trying to figure out a issue for some days but no luck. I came across this issue but not able figure out what is the problem since i am not doing any test here. java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: A ServletContext is required to configure default servlet handling
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'defaultServletHandlerMapping' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerMapping]: Factory method 'defaultServletHandlerMapping' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: A ServletContext is required to configure default servlet handling
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:599) ~[spring-beans-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1119) ~[spring-beans-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1014) ~[spring-beans-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:504) ~[spring-beans-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:476) ~[spring-beans-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:303) ~[spring-beans-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar:4.1.6.RELEASE]
I am using spring boot
#ComponentScan
#EnableAutoConfiguration
public class Application {
.....
}
public class ApplicationWebXml extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
#Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
return application.sources(Application.class);
}
#Configuration
#AutoConfigureAfter
public class WebConfigurer implements ServletContextInitializer, EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer {
#Override
public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
EnumSet<DispatcherType> disps = EnumSet.of(DispatcherType.REQUEST, DispatcherType.FORWARD, DispatcherType.ASYNC);
initCachingHttpHeadersFilter(servletContext, disps);
initStaticResourcesProductionFilter(servletContext, disps);
initGzipFilter(servletContext, disps);
}
Now the problem is coming in TypeToJsonMetadataConverter bean definition in the following #Configuration classes.
#Configuration
public class EntityRestMvcConfiguration extends RepositoryRestMvcConfiguration {
#Bean
public TypeToJsonMetadataConverter typeToJsonMetadataConverter() {
return new TypeToJsonMetadataConverter(typeConfiguration(),
entityLinks());
}
#Bean
public TypeConfiguration typeConfiguration() {
return new TypeConfiguration();
}
}
I want to use MongoDB for the mongoDB with spring-boot and JPA.. I'm able to do with embedded H2 database. But I'm not sure what's going wrong using mongo-db. While running the application, I'm getting error that datasource is missing.
#EnableAutoConfiguration
#EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = "com..........repo")
#EnableWebMvc
#Configuration
#ComponentScan
#Import({ SpringMongoConfig.class, RepositoryRestMvcConfiguration.class })
public class Bootstrap extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Bootstrap.class, args);
}
#Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(
SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
return application.sources(Bootstrap.class);
}
}
.
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.config.AbstractMongoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.config.EnableMongoRepositories;
import com.mongodb.Mongo;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
#Configuration
#EnableMongoRepositories(basePackages = "com.............repo")
#PropertySource(value = "classpath:mongo-config.properties")
public class SpringMongoConfig extends AbstractMongoConfiguration {
#Value("${MONGO_DB_HOST}")
private String MONGO_DB_HOST;
#Value("${MONGO_DB_PORT}")
private int MONGO_DB_PORT;
#Value("${DB}")
private String DB;
#Override
protected String getDatabaseName() {
return DB;
}
#Bean
#Override
public Mongo mongo() throws Exception {
return new MongoClient(MONGO_DB_HOST, MONGO_DB_PORT);
}
}
.
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private javax.sql.DataSource org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.JpaBaseConfiguration.dataSource; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/jdbc/DataSourceAutoConfiguration$NonEmbeddedConfiguration.class]: Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Factory method [public javax.sql.DataSource org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration$NonEmbeddedConfiguration.dataSource()] threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Cannot determine embedded database driver class for database type NONE. If you want an embedded database please put a supported one on the classpath.
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:293)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1186)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
..........................
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private javax.sql.DataSource org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.JpaBaseConfiguration.dataSource; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/jdbc/DataSourceAutoConfiguration$NonEmbeddedConfiguration.class]: Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Factory method [public javax.sql.DataSource org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration$NonEmbeddedConfiguration.dataSource()] threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Cannot determine embedded database driver class for database type NONE. If you want an embedded database please put a supported one on the classpath.
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:509)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:290)
... 25 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/jdbc/DataSourceAutoConfiguration$NonEmbeddedConfiguration.class]: Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Factory method [public javax.sql.DataSource org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration$NonEmbeddedConfiguration.dataSource()] threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Cannot determine embedded database driver class for database type NONE. If you want an embedded database please put a supported one on the classpath.
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:597)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1095)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:990)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:504)
....................................
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Factory method [public javax.sql.DataSource org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration$NonEmbeddedConfiguration.dataSource()] threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Cannot determine embedded database driver class for database type NONE. If you want an embedded database please put a supported one on the classpath.
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:188)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:586)
... 39 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Cannot determine embedded database driver class for database type NONE. If you want an embedded database please put a supported one on the classpath.
at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties.getDriverClassName(DataSourceProperties.java:93)
at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration$NonEmbeddedConfiguration.dataSource(DataSourceAutoConfiguration.java:105)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
For starters use the framework Spring Boot will do autoconfiguration for the frameworks it detects. This includes Spring Data JPA and Spring Data Mongo. So you can remove the #Enable annotation for it.
The same for Spring MVC and Spring Data Rest.
To allow Spring Boot to configure Spring Mongo add the following properties to your application.properties
spring.data.mongodb.host= # the db host
spring.data.mongodb.port=27017 # the connection port (defaults to 27107)
or the
spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb://localhost/test # connection URL
More on the Spring Boot Mongo support can be found in this section of the Spring Boot Reference Guide.
When not using an embedded datasource you have to specify which driver to use for this add the following property to your application.properties. This is also documented in this section of the Spring Boot Reference Guide.
spring.datasource.driverClassName=your.driver.class
I suggest moving your Bootstrap class to a top level package and remove all not needed annotations and configuration files
#EnableAutoConfiguration
#Configuration
#ComponentScan
public class Bootstrap extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Bootstrap.class, args);
}
#Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
return application.sources(Bootstrap.class);
}
}
Should be enough to bootstrap your whole application including jpa, mongo and web support.
For a quite complete list I suggest Appendix A of the Spring Boot Reference Guide.