How do I search documents with their synonyms in Elasticsearch? - elasticsearch

Question

I have an index with some documents. These documents have the field name. But now, my documents are able to have several names. And the number of names a document can have is uncertain. A document can have only one name, or there can be 10 names of one document.
The question is, how to organize my index, document and query and then search for 1 document by different names?
For example, there's a document with names: "automobile", "automobil", "自動車". And whenever I query one of these names, I should get this document. Can I create kind of an array of these names and build a query to search for each one? Or there's more appropriate way to do this.

Answer 1

Tldr;
I feels like you are looking for something like synonyms?
Solution
In the following example I am creating an index, with a specific text analyser.
This analyser, handle automobile, automobil and 自動車 as the same token.
PUT /74472994
{
"settings": {
"index": {
"analysis": {
"analyzer": {
"synonym": {
"tokenizer": "standard",
"filter": ["synonym" ]
}
},
"filter": {
"synonym": {
"type": "synonym",
"synonyms": [ "automobile, automobil, 自動車" ]
}
}
}
}
},
"mappings": {
"properties": {
"name":{
"type": "text",
"analyzer": "synonym"
}
}
}
}
POST /74472994/_doc
{
"name": "automobile"
}
which allow me to perform the following request:
GET /74472994/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"name": "automobil"
}
}
}
GET /74472994/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"name": "自動車"
}
}
}
And always get:
{
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 1,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.7198386,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "74472994",
"_id": "ROfyhoQBcn6Q8d0DlI_z",
"_score": 1.7198386,
"_source": {
"name": "automobile"
}
}
]
}
}