SwiftUI Button compiler bug or mine? - xcode

I have the following code:
import SwiftUI
enum OptionButtonRole {
case normal
case destructive
case cancel
}
struct OptionButton {
var title: String
var role: OptionButtonRole
let id = UUID()
var action: () -> Void
}
struct OptionSheet: ViewModifier {
#State var isPresented = true
var title: String
var buttons: [OptionButton]
init(title: String, buttons: OptionButton...) {
self.title = title
self.buttons = buttons
}
func body(content: Content) -> some View {
content
.confirmationDialog(title,
isPresented: $isPresented,
titleVisibility: .visible) {
ForEach(buttons, id: \.title) { button in
let role: ButtonRole? = button.role == .normal ? nil : button.role == .destructive ? .destructive : .cancel
Button(button.title, role: role, action: button.action)
}
}
}
}
It builds and my app shows the option sheet with the specified buttons.
However, if I use an alternative Button.init, i.e. if I replace the body with the following code:
func body(content: Content) -> some View {
content
.confirmationDialog(title,
isPresented: $isPresented,
titleVisibility: .visible) {
ForEach(buttons, id: \.title) { button in
let role: ButtonRole? = button.role == .normal ? nil : button.role == .destructive ? .destructive : .cancel
Button(role: role, action: button.action) {
Text(button.title)
}
}
}
}
Then, Xcode hangs on build with the following activity:
Is there an error in my code or is this a compiler bug (Xcode Version 14.1 (14B47b))?

While your code is technically correct, the ability of view logic to evaluate variable values can get quite compiler-intensive, especially when you have multiple chained ternaries and logic inside a ForEach (which seems to make a bigger difference than one would probably think).
I'd be tempted to move the conditional logic outside the loop altogether, so that you're calling a method rather than needing to evaluate and store a local variable. You could make this a private func in your view, or as an extension to your custom enum. For example:
extension OptionButtonRole {
var buttonRole: ButtonRole? {
switch self {
case .destructive: return .destructive
case .cancel: return .cancel
default: return nil
}
}
}
// in your view
ForEach(buttons, id: \.title) { button in
Button(role: button.role.buttonRole, action: button.action) {
Text(button.title)
}
}

Related

How to observe for modifier key pressed (e.g. option, shift) with NSNotification in SwiftUI macOS project?

I want to have a Bool property, that represents that option key is pressed #Publised var isOptionPressed = false. I would use it for changing SwiftUI View.
For that, I think, that I should use Combine to observe for key pressure.
I tried to find an NSNotification for that event, but it seems to me that there are no any NSNotification, that could be useful to me.
Since you are working through SwiftUI, I would recommend taking things just a step beyond watching a Publisher and put the state of the modifier flags in the SwiftUI Environment. It is my opinion that it will fit in nicely with SwiftUI's declarative syntax.
I had another implementation of this, but took the solution you found and adapted it.
import Cocoa
import SwiftUI
import Combine
struct KeyModifierFlags: EnvironmentKey {
static let defaultValue = NSEvent.ModifierFlags([])
}
extension EnvironmentValues {
var keyModifierFlags: NSEvent.ModifierFlags {
get { self[KeyModifierFlags.self] }
set { self[KeyModifierFlags.self] = newValue }
}
}
struct ModifierFlagEnvironment<Content>: View where Content:View {
#StateObject var flagState = ModifierFlags()
let content: Content;
init(#ViewBuilder content: () -> Content) {
self.content = content();
}
var body: some View {
content
.environment(\.keyModifierFlags, flagState.modifierFlags)
}
}
final class ModifierFlags: ObservableObject {
#Published var modifierFlags = NSEvent.ModifierFlags([])
init() {
NSEvent.addLocalMonitorForEvents(matching: .flagsChanged) { [weak self] event in
self?.modifierFlags = event.modifierFlags
return event;
}
}
}
Note that my event closure is returning the event passed in. If you return nil you will prevent the event from going farther and someone else in the system may want to see it.
The struct KeyModifierFlags sets up a new item to be added to the view Environment. The extension to EnvironmentValues lets us store and
retrieve the current flags from the environment.
Finally there is the ModifierFlagEnvironment view. It has no content of its own - that is passed to the initializer in an #ViewBuilder function. What it does do is provide the StateObject that contains the state monitor, and it passes it's current value for the modifier flags into the Environment of the content.
To use the ModifierFlagEnvironment you wrap a top-level view in your hierarchy with it. In a simple Cocoa app built from the default Xcode template, I changed the application SwiftUI content to be:
struct KeyWatcherApp: App {
var body: some Scene {
WindowGroup {
ModifierFlagEnvironment {
ContentView()
}
}
}
}
So all of the views in the application could watch the flags.
Then to make use of it you could do:
struct ContentView: View {
#Environment(\.keyModifierFlags) var modifierFlags: NSEvent.ModifierFlags
var body: some View {
VStack {
Image(systemName: "globe")
.imageScale(.large)
.foregroundColor(.accentColor)
if(modifierFlags.contains(.option)) {
Text("Option is pressed")
} else {
Text("Option is up")
}
}
.padding()
}
}
Here the content view watches the environment for the flags and the view makes decisions on what to show using the current modifiers.
Ok, I found easy solution for my problem:
class KeyPressedController: ObservableObject {
#Published var isOptionPressed = false
init() {
NSEvent.addLocalMonitorForEvents(matching: .flagsChanged) { [weak self] event -> NSEvent? in
if event.modifierFlags.contains(.option) {
self?.isOptionPressed = true
} else {
self?.isOptionPressed = false
}
return nil
}
}
}

SwiftUI - Dynamic NSPredicate If Statement

How can I create a predicate so that when the user selects "Full Body" it returns the entire list with no predicate? Right now, it is returning "part" which corresponds to the muscle groups I have set (Abs, Legs, Push, Pull). I want to return all of the options when "Full Body" is selected. How could I write an If statement so that the predicate is not used?
import SwiftUI
var parts = ["Abs", "Legs", "Push", "Pull", "Full Body"]
struct ExerciseList: View {
#State private var selectedPart = " "
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
VStack (alignment: .leading) {
NavigationLink(destination: AddExerciseView()){
Text("Add Exercise")
.fontWeight(.bold)
}
Picker("Body Part", selection: $selectedPart) {
ForEach(parts, id:\.self) { part in
Text(part)
}
}.pickerStyle(.segmented)
ListView(part:selectedPart)
}
}
}
}
import SwiftUI
struct ListView: View {
var part: String
#FetchRequest var exercises: FetchedResults<Exercise>
init(part: String) {
self.part = part
self._exercises = FetchRequest(
entity: Exercise.entity(),
sortDescriptors: [],
predicate: NSPredicate(format: "musclegroup == %#", part as any CVarArg)
)
}
var body: some View {
List(exercises) { e in
Text(e.exercisename)
}
}
}
It's not a good idea to init objects inside View structs because the heap allocation slows things down. You could either have all the predicates created before hand or create one when the picker value changes, e.g. something like this:
// all the Picker samples in the docs tend to use enums.
enum Part: String, Identifiable, CaseIterable {
case abs
case legs
case push
case pull
case fullBody
var id: Self { self }
// Apple sometimes does it like this
// var localizedName: LocalizedStringKey {
// switch self {
// case .abs: return "Abs"
// case .legs: return "Legs"
// case .push: return "Push"
// case .pull: return "Pull"
// case .fullBody: return "Full Body"
// }
// }
}
struct ExerciseListConfig {
var selectedPart: Part = .fullBody {
didSet {
if selectedPart == .fullBody {
predicate = nil
}
else {
// note this will use the lower case string
predicate = NSPredicate(format: "musclegroup == %#", selectedPart.rawValue)
}
}
}
var predicate: NSPredicate?
}
struct ExerciseList: View {
#State private var config = ExerciseListConfig()
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
VStack (alignment: .leading) {
Picker("Body Part", selection: $config.selectedPart) {
//ForEach(Part.allCases) // Apple sometimes does this but means you can't easily change the display order.
Text("Abs").tag(Part.abs)
Text("Legs").tag(Part.legs)
Text("Push").tag(Part.push)
Text("Pull").tag(Part.pull)
Text("Full Body").tag(Part.fullBody)
}.pickerStyle(.segmented)
ExerciseListView(predicate:config.predicate)
}
}
}
}
struct ExerciseListView: View {
// var part: String
let predicate: NSPredicate?
// #FetchRequest var exercises: FetchedResults<Exercise>
init(predicate: NSPredicate?) {
self.predicate = predicate
// self._exercises = FetchRequest(
// entity: Exercise.entity(),
// sortDescriptors: [],
//
// predicate: NSPredicate(format: "musclegroup == %#", part as any CVarArg)
// )
}
var body: some View {
Text(predicate?.description ?? "")
// List(exercises) { e in
// Text(e.exercisename)
// }
}
}
Since you are using Core Data you might want to use an Int enum in the entity for less storage and faster queries.
you could try this simple approach in ListView:
init(part: String) {
self.part = part
self._exercises = FetchRequest(
entity: Exercise.entity(),
sortDescriptors: [],
predicate: (part == "Full Body")
? nil
: NSPredicate(format: "musclegroup == %#", part as any CVarArg)
)
}

Display subview from an array in SwiftUI

I am trying to present a sequence of Views, each gathering some information from the user. When users enter all necessary data, they can move to next View. So far I have arrived at this (simplified) code, but I am unable to display the subview itself (see first line in MasterView VStack{}).
import SwiftUI
protocol DataEntry {
var entryComplete : Bool { get }
}
struct FirstSubView : View, DataEntry {
#State var entryComplete: Bool = false
var body: some View {
VStack{
Text("Gender")
Button("Male") {
entryComplete = true
}
Button("Female") {
entryComplete = true
}
}
}
}
struct SecondSubView : View, DataEntry {
var entryComplete: Bool {
return self.name != ""
}
#State private var name : String = ""
var body: some View {
Text("Age")
TextField("Your name", text: $name)
}
}
struct MasterView: View {
#State private var currentViewIndex = 0
let subview : [DataEntry] = [FirstSubView(), SecondSubView()]
var body: some View {
VStack{
//subview[currentViewIndex]
Text("Subview placeholder")
Spacer()
HStack {
Button("Prev"){
if currentViewIndex > 0 {
currentViewIndex -= 1
}
}.disabled(currentViewIndex == 0)
Spacer()
Button("Next"){
if (currentViewIndex < subview.count-1){
currentViewIndex += 1
}
}.disabled(!subview[currentViewIndex].entryComplete)
}
}
}
}
I do not want to use NavigationView for styling reasons. Can you please point me in the right direction how to solve this problem? Maybe a different approach?
One way to do this is with a Base View and a switch statement combined with an enum. This is a similar pattern I've used in the past to separate flows.
enum SubViewState {
case ViewOne, ViewTwo
}
The enum serves as a way to easily remember and track which views you have available.
struct BaseView: View {
#EnvironmentObject var subViewState: SubViewState = .ViewOne
var body: some View {
switch subViewState {
case ViewOne:
ViewOne()
case ViewTwo:
ViewTwo()
}
}
}
The base view is a Container for the view control. You will likely add a view model, which is recommended, and set the state value for your #EnvironmentObject or you'll get a null pointer exception. In this example I set it, but I'm not 100% sure if that syntax is correct as I don't have my IDE available.
struct SomeOtherView: View {
#EnvironmentObject var subViewState: SubViewState
var body: some View {
BaseView()
Button("Switch View") {
subViewState = .ViewTwo
}
}
}
This is just an example of using it. You can access your #EnvironmentObject from anywhere, even other views, as it's always available until disposed of. You can simply set a new value to it and it will update the BaseView() that is being shown here. You can use the same principle in your code, using logic, to determine the view to be shown and simply set its value and it will update.

SwiftUI access passed view data in sctruct header

How can I pass data to a view and use it directly in the "header"? All tutorials I made are accessing the data in the view body - which works fine - but I want to call a graphlql method from the UpdateAccountView and than render a view based on the result.
My class for passing data:
class Account {
var tel: Int
init(tel: Int) {
self.tel = tel
}
}
My main view where the class is initialised (simplified - normally the "tel" will come from an input)
struct ContentView: View {
var account: Account = Account(tel: 123)
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
NavigationLink(
destination: UpdateAccountView(account: account),
label: {
Text("Navigate")
})
}
}
}
The view I call to do the request and call the next view based on the result
UpdateAccount is taking tel:Int as a parameter.
And here is the problem. I cannot access account.tel from the passed data.
struct UpdateAccountView: View {
var account: Account
#ObservedObject private var updateAccount: UpdateAccount = UpdateAccount(tel: account.tel)
#ViewBuilder
var body: some View {
if updateAccount.success {
AccountVerifyView()
} else {
ContentView()
}
}
}
The error:
Cannot use instance member 'account' within property initializer; property initializers run before 'self' is available
Update method (GraphQL):
class UpdateAccount: ObservableObject {
#Published var success: Bool
init(tel: Int){
self.success = false
update(tel: tel)
}
func update(tel: Int){
Network.shared.apollo.perform(mutation: UpdateAccountMutation(tel: tel)) { result in
switch result {
case .success(let graphQLResult):
self.success = graphQLResult.data!.updateAccount.success
case .failure(let error):
print("Failure! Error: \(error)")
self.success = false
}
}
}
I saw that there is an EnvironmentObject but than the variable become available globally as far as I understood, which is not necessary here.
Thank you for your help.
You can make it in explicit init, like
struct UpdateAccountView: View {
var account: Account
#ObservedObject private var updateAccount: UpdateAccount // << declare
init(account: Account) {
self.account = account
self.updateAccount = UpdateAccount(tel: account.tel) // << here !!
}
// ... other code
}

Is there any way to make a paged ScrollView in SwiftUI?

I've been looking through the docs with each beta but haven't seen a way to make a traditional paged ScrollView. I'm not familiar with AppKit so I am wondering if this doesn't exist in SwiftUI because it's primarily a UIKit construct. Anyway, does anyone have an example of this, or can anyone tell me it's definitely impossible so I can stop looking and roll my own?
You can now use a TabView and set the .tabViewStyle to PageTabViewStyle()
TabView {
View1()
View2()
View3()
}
.tabViewStyle(PageTabViewStyle())
As of Beta 3 there is no native SwiftUI API for paging. I've filed feedback and recommend you do the same. They changed the ScrollView API from Beta 2 to Beta 3 and I wouldn't be surprised to see a further update.
It is possible to wrap a UIScrollView in order to provide this functionality now. Unfortunately, you must wrap the UIScrollView in a UIViewController, which is further wrapped in UIViewControllerRepresentable in order to support SwiftUI content.
Gist here
class UIScrollViewViewController: UIViewController {
lazy var scrollView: UIScrollView = {
let v = UIScrollView()
v.isPagingEnabled = true
return v
}()
var hostingController: UIHostingController<AnyView> = UIHostingController(rootView: AnyView(EmptyView()))
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
self.view.addSubview(self.scrollView)
self.pinEdges(of: self.scrollView, to: self.view)
self.hostingController.willMove(toParent: self)
self.scrollView.addSubview(self.hostingController.view)
self.pinEdges(of: self.hostingController.view, to: self.scrollView)
self.hostingController.didMove(toParent: self)
}
func pinEdges(of viewA: UIView, to viewB: UIView) {
viewA.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
viewB.addConstraints([
viewA.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: viewB.leadingAnchor),
viewA.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: viewB.trailingAnchor),
viewA.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: viewB.topAnchor),
viewA.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: viewB.bottomAnchor),
])
}
}
struct UIScrollViewWrapper<Content: View>: UIViewControllerRepresentable {
var content: () -> Content
init(#ViewBuilder content: #escaping () -> Content) {
self.content = content
}
func makeUIViewController(context: Context) -> UIScrollViewViewController {
let vc = UIScrollViewViewController()
vc.hostingController.rootView = AnyView(self.content())
return vc
}
func updateUIViewController(_ viewController: UIScrollViewViewController, context: Context) {
viewController.hostingController.rootView = AnyView(self.content())
}
}
And then to use it:
var body: some View {
GeometryReader { proxy in
UIScrollViewWrapper {
VStack {
ForEach(0..<1000) { _ in
Text("Hello world")
}
}
.frame(width: proxy.size.width) // This ensures the content uses the available width, otherwise it will be pinned to the left
}
}
}
Apple's official tutorial covers this as an example. I find it easy to follow and suitable for my case. I really recommend you check this out and try to understand how to interface with UIKit. Since SwiftUI is so young, not every feature in UIKit would be covered at this moment. Interfacing with UIKit should address most if not all needs.
https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/swiftui/interfacing-with-uikit
Not sure if this helps your question but for the time being while Apple is working on adding a Paging View in SwiftUI I've written a utility library that gives you a SwiftUI feel while using a UIPageViewController under the hood tucked away.
You can use it like this:
Pages {
Text("Page 1")
Text("Page 2")
Text("Page 3")
Text("Page 4")
}
Or if you have a list of models in your application you can use it like this:
struct Car {
var model: String
}
let cars = [Car(model: "Ford"), Car(model: "Ferrari")]
ModelPages(cars) { index, car in
Text("The \(index) car is a \(car.model)")
.padding(50)
.foregroundColor(.white)
.background(Color.blue)
.cornerRadius(10)
}
You can simply track state using .onAppear() to load your next page.
struct YourListView : View {
#ObservedObject var viewModel = YourViewModel()
let numPerPage = 50
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
List(viewModel.items) { item in
NavigationLink(destination: DetailView(item: item)) {
ItemRow(item: item)
.onAppear {
if self.shouldLoadNextPage(currentItem: item) {
self.viewModel.fetchItems(limitPerPage: self.numPerPage)
}
}
}
}
.navigationBarTitle(Text("Items"))
.onAppear {
guard self.viewModel.items.isEmpty else { return }
self.viewModel.fetchItems(limitPerPage: self.numPerPage)
}
}
}
private func shouldLoadNextPage(currentItem item: Item) -> Bool {
let currentIndex = self.viewModel.items.firstIndex(where: { $0.id == item.id } )
let lastIndex = self.viewModel.items.count - 1
let offset = 5 //Load next page when 5 from bottom, adjust to meet needs
return currentIndex == lastIndex - offset
}
}
class YourViewModel: ObservableObject {
#Published private(set) items = [Item]()
// add whatever tracking you need for your paged API like next/previous and count
private(set) var fetching = false
private(set) var next: String?
private(set) var count = 0
func fetchItems(limitPerPage: Int = 30, completion: (([Item]?) -> Void)? = nil) {
// Do your stuff here based on the API rules for paging like determining the URL etc...
if items.count == 0 || items.count < count {
let urlString = next ?? "https://somePagedAPI?limit=/(limitPerPage)"
fetchNextItems(url: urlString, completion: completion)
} else {
completion?(pokemon)
}
}
private func fetchNextItems(url: String, completion: (([Item]?) -> Void)?) {
guard !fetching else { return }
fetching = true
Networking.fetchItems(url: url) { [weak self] (result) in
DispatchQueue.main.async { [weak self] in
self?.fetching = false
switch result {
case .success(let response):
if let count = response.count {
self?.count = count
}
if let newItems = response.results {
self?.items += newItems
}
self?.next = response.next
case .failure(let error):
// Error state tracking not implemented but would go here...
os_log("Error fetching data: %#", error.localizedDescription)
}
}
}
}
}
Modify to fit whatever API you are calling and handle errors based on your app architecture.
Checkout SwiftUIPager. It's a pager built on top of SwiftUI native components:
If you would like to exploit the new PageTabViewStyle of TabView, but you need a vertical paged scroll view, you can make use of effect modifiers like .rotationEffect().
Using this method I wrote a library called VerticalTabView 🔝 that turns a TabView vertical just by changing your existing TabView to VTabView.
You can use such custom modifier:
struct ScrollViewPagingModifier: ViewModifier {
func body(content: Content) -> some View {
content
.onAppear {
UIScrollView.appearance().isPagingEnabled = true
}
.onDisappear {
UIScrollView.appearance().isPagingEnabled = false
}
}
}
extension ScrollView {
func isPagingEnabled() -> some View {
modifier(ScrollViewPagingModifier())
}
}
To simplify Lorenzos answer, you can basically add UIScrollView.appearance().isPagingEnabled = true to your scrollview as below:
VStack{
ScrollView(showsIndicators: false){
VStack(spacing: 0){ // to remove spacing between rows
ForEach(1..<10){ i in
ZStack{
Text(String(i))
Circle()
} .frame(width: UIScreen.main.bounds.width, height: UIScreen.main.bounds.height)
}
}
}.onAppear {
UIScrollView.appearance().isPagingEnabled = true
}
.onDisappear {
UIScrollView.appearance().isPagingEnabled = false
}
}

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