VBScript: What is the simplest way to format a string? - vbscript

Question

I have the following format:
Value1 is {0} and Value2 is {1}.
I need to replace the numbers in the brackets with strings. This is easily done in most languages using string.Format or something along those lines. How can I do this using only vbscript?
I've tried:
Replace (strFormat, "{0}", value1)
Replace (strFormat, "{1}", value2)
It does not work. Any solutions?

Answer 1

Replace (strFormat, "{0}", value1)
Based on your code snip, I'm guessing you believe Replace mutates strFormat directly. It doesn't work like that; You assign the result to the original variable like this:
strFormat = Replace (strFormat, "{0}", value1)
You can also assign to another variable to store the changed results, like this:
strFormat2 = Replace (strFormat, "{0}", value1)

Answer 2

I wanted something similar and didn't like any of these answers as they meant multiple lines for each value (Ignoring Beaner's answer is for the wrong language!) so I created the following:
Public Function StrFormat(FormatString, Arguments())
Dim Value, CurArgNum
StrFormat = FormatString
CurArgNum = 0
For Each Value In Arguments
StrFormat = Replace(StrFormat, "{" & CurArgNum & "}", Value)
CurArgNum = CurArgNum + 1
Next
End Function
You can use the following then (note that you need to add "Array()" around your variables):
formatString = "Test '{0}', '{2}', '{1}' and {0} again!"
Response.Write StrFormat(formatString, Array(1, 2, "three", "Unused"))
Response.Write StrFormat(formatString, Array(4, 5, "six", "Unused"))
Which will output what you expect:
Test '1', 'three', '2' and 1 again!
Test '4', 'six', '5' and 4 again!
Hope this feels a bit more natural for people from other languages.

Answer 3

As none of the answers so far addresses the problem of formatting (as opposed
to interpolating/splicing strings into strings):
This simple Class:
Class cFormat
Private m_oSB
Private Sub Class_Initialize()
Set m_oSB = CreateObject("System.Text.StringBuilder")
End Sub ' Class_Initialize
Public Function formatOne(sFmt, vElm)
m_oSB.AppendFormat sFmt, vElm
formatOne = m_oSB.ToString()
m_oSB.Length = 0
End Function ' formatOne
Public Function formatArray(sFmt, aElms)
m_oSB.AppendFormat_4 sFmt, (aElms)
formatArray = m_oSB.ToString()
m_oSB.Length = 0
End Function ' formatArray
End Class ' cFormat
harness .NET formatting for VBScript via COM. Now you can do:
-------- Interpolation
Use |Value1 is {0} and Value2 is {1}.|
to get |Value1 is zero and Value2 is one.|
from |zero one|
Use |{0} x 2 => {0}{0}|
to get |once x 2 => onceonce|
from |once|
-------- Cherrypicking
Use |{6,4}: [{0}, {2}, {4}]|
to get |even: [0, 2, 4]|
from |0 1 2 3 4 5 even odd|
Use |{7,4}: [{5}, {3}, {1}]|
to get | odd: [5, 3, 1]|
from |0 1 2 3 4 5 even odd|
-------- Conversions
Use ||{0:D}| |{0:X}| |{0:N3}| |{0:P2}| (german locale!)|
to get ||123| |7B| |123,000| |12.300,00%| (german locale!)|
from |123|
Use ||{0}| |{0:U}| |{0:u}||
to get ||29.06.2012 14:50:30| |Freitag, 29. Juni 2012 12:50:30| |2012-06-29 14:50:30Z||
from |29.06.2012 14:50:30|
Use ||{0}| |{0:E1}| |{0:N1}| |{0:N2}| |{0:N3}||
to get ||1234,56| |1,2E+003| |1.234,6| |1.234,56| |1.234,560||
from |1234,56|
-------- Alignment
Use ||{0,1:D}| |{0,2:D}| |{0,-2:D}| |{0,5:D}| |{0,-5:D}||
to get ||12| |12| |12| | 12| |12 ||
from |12|
If you are interested in the test/demo script to do some experiments
of your own:
Option Explicit
' Class cFormat ...
Dim oFormat : Set oFormat = New cFormat
Dim aTests : aTests = Array( _
Array("Interpolation" _
, Array( _
Array(True, "Value1 is {0} and Value2 is {1}.", Array("zero", "one")) _
, Array(False, "{0} x 2 => {0}{0}" , "once" ) _
} _
) _
, Array("Cherrypicking" _
, Array( _
Array(True , "{6,4}: [{0}, {2}, {4}]", Array(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, "even", "odd")) _
, Array(True , "{7,4}: [{5}, {3}, {1}]", Array(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, "even", "odd")) _
} _
) _
, Array("Conversions" _
, Array( _
Array(False, "|{0:D}| |{0:X}| |{0:N3}| |{0:P2}| (german locale!)", 123 ) _
, Array(False, "|{0}| |{0:U}| |{0:u}|" , Now ) _
, Array(False, "|{0}| |{0:E1}| |{0:N1}| |{0:N2}| |{0:N3}|" , 1234.56 ) _
} _
) _
, Array("Alignment" _
, Array( _
Array(False, "|{0,1:D}| |{0,2:D}| |{0,-2:D}| |{0,5:D}| |{0,-5:D}|", 12 ) _
} _
) _
)
Dim sFormat : sFormat = "Use |{0}|{3}to get |{1}|{3}from |{2}|{3}"
Dim aData : aData = Array(0, 1, 2, vbCrLf)
Dim aTest
For Each aTest In aTests
WScript.Echo "--------", aTest(0)
Dim aSample
For Each aSample In aTest(1)
aData(0) = aSample(1)
If aSample(0) Then
aData(1) = oFormat.formatArray(aSample(1), aSample(2))
aData(2) = Join(aSample(2))
Else
aData(1) = oFormat.formatOne( aSample(1), aSample(2))
aData(2) = aSample(2)
End If
WScript.Echo oFormat.formatArray(sFormat, aData)
Next
WScript.Echo
Next
To learn about formatting in .NET, start with StringBuilder.AppendFormat Method (String, Object) and Formatting Types.
See here and here for ideas to include (not Copy&Paste) such a Class into your script.

Answer 4

Here's a nice little function that works something like the .NET string.Format function. I did this quickly so adding err handling is up to you. I did this in VB6 and added a reference to Microsoft VBScript Regular Expressions 5.5
Public Function StringFormat(ByVal SourceString As String, ParamArray Arguments() As Variant) As String
Dim objRegEx As RegExp ' regular expression object
Dim objMatch As Match ' regular expression match object
Dim strReturn As String ' the string that will be returned
Set objRegEx = New RegExp
objRegEx.Global = True
objRegEx.Pattern = "(\{)(\d)(\})"
strReturn = SourceString
For Each objMatch In objRegEx.Execute(SourceString)
strReturn = Replace(strReturn, objMatch.Value, Arguments(CInt(objMatch.SubMatches(1))))
Next objMatch
StringFormat = strReturn
End Function
Example:
StringFormat("Hello {0}. I'd like you to meet {1}. They both work for {2}. {0} has worked for {2} for 15 years.", "Bruce", "Chris", "Kyle")
Returns:
Hello Bruce. I'd like you to meet Chris. They both work for Kyle. Bruce has worked for Kyle for 15 years.

Answer 5

Why not? This code works here:
value1 = "1"
value2 = "2"
strFormat = "Value1 is {0} and Value2 is {1}."
strFormat = Replace (strFormat, "{0}", value1)
strFormat = Replace (strFormat, "{1}", value2)
MsgBox strFormat
Note I update my strFormat value for every replace.
If you needs a more flexible implementation, you can go with a regular expression, but doesn't seems required now.

Answer 6

I really liked the functionality of #Ekkehard.Horner's StringBuilder-based solution, but it seemed more complicated than necessary.
For my purposes, I definitely do not need the ceremony of a whole class.
I pared it down to this single function:
Function FormatString(format, args)
dim resultBuilder
set resultBuilder = CreateObject("System.Text.StringBuilder")
if IsArray(args) Then
resultBuilder.AppendFormat_4 format, (args)
else
resultBuilder.AppendFormat format, args
end if
FormatString = resultBuilder.ToString()
End Function
WScript.Echo FormatString("Hello, {0}!", "World")
WScript.Echo FormatString("Hello, {0}! It is {1:H:mm tt}, and we are {2:P2} through the day on {1:dddd, d MMMM, yyyy}.", Array("World", Now, Timer/(24*60*60)))