I'm trying to make this one https://massmoca.org/event/walldrawing340/
in Javascript code, using p5.js, but I have no clue how to fill these shapes with lines. Is there any other possibility, like making canvas that is circle or something like that, or I just have to make each shape seperately?
For now I was doing shape by shape, but making triangle and trapezoid is rough...
var sketch = function (p) {
with(p) {
let h,
w,
space;
p.setup = function() {
createCanvas(900, 400);
h = height / 2;
w = width / 3;
space = 10;
noLoop();
};
p.draw = function() {
drawBackground('red', 'blue', 0, 0);
shape('Circle', 'red', 'blue', 0, 0);
drawBackground('yellow', 'red', w, 0);
shape('Square', 'yellow', 'red', w, 0);
drawBackground('blue', 'yellow', 2 * w, 0);
shape('Triangle', 'blue', 'red', 2 * w, 0)
drawBackground('red', 'yellow', 0, h);
shape('Rectangle', 'red', 'blue', 0, h)
drawBackground('yellow', 'blue', w, h);
shape('Trapezoid', 'yellow', 'red', w, h);
drawBackground('blue', 'red', 2 * w, h);
};
function drawBackground(bColor, lColor, x, y) {
fill(bColor)
noStroke();
rect(x, y, w, h)
stroke(lColor);
strokeWeight(1);
for (let i = 0; i < h / space; i++) {
line(0 + x, i * space + y + 10, w + x, i * space + y + 10);
}
}
function shape(shape, bColor, lColor, x, y) {
fill(bColor)
noStroke();
let w1;
switch (shape) {
case 'Circle':
circle(x + w / 2, y + h / 2, h - space * 6);
stroke(lColor);
strokeWeight(1);
for (let i = 0; i < w / space; i++) {
for (let j = 0; j < h; j++) {
pX = i * space + x;
pY = 0 + y + j;
if (pow(x + w / 2 - pX, 2)
+ pow(pY - (y + h / 2), 2) <= pow(h - space * 6 * 2 - 10, 2)) {
point(pX, pY);
}
}
}
break;
case 'Square':
w1 = w - (h - space * 6);
rect(x + w1 / 2, y + space * 3, h - space * 6, h - space * 6);
stroke(lColor);
strokeWeight(1);
for (let i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
for (let j = 0; j < h - space * 6; j++) {
point(x + w1 / 2 + i * space, y + space * 3 + j)
}
}
break;
case 'Triangle':
w1 = w - (h - space * 6);
triangle(x + w1 / 2, h - space * 3 + y, x + w / 2, y + space * 3, x + w1 / 2 + h - space * 6, h - space * 3 + y)
for (let i = 0; i < w / space; i++) {
for (let j = 0; j < h; j++) {
pX = i * space + x;
pY = 0 + y + j;
if (pow(x + w / 2 - pX, 2)
+ pow(pY - (y + h / 2), 2) <= pow(h - space * 6 * 2 - 10, 2)) {
point(pX, pY);
}
}
}
break;
case 'Rectangle':
w1 = w - (h - space * 6) / 2;
rect(x + w1 / 2, y + space * 3, (h - space * 6) / 2, h - space * 6)
break;
case 'Trapezoid':
w1 = w - (h - space * 6);
quad(x + w1 / 2, h - space * 3 + y, x + w1 / 2 + (h - space * 6) / 4, y + space * 3, x + w1 / 4 + h - space * 6, y + space * 3, x + w1 / 2 + h - space * 6, h - space * 3 + y)
break;
case 'Parallelogram':
w1 = w - (h - space * 6);
quad(x + w1 / 4, h - space * 3 + y, x + w1 / 2, y + space * 3, x + w1 / 2 + h - space * 6, y + space * 3, x + w1 / 4 + h - space * 6, h - space * 3 + y)
break;
break;
}
}
}
};
let node = document.createElement('div');
window.document.getElementById('p5-container').appendChild(node);
new p5(sketch, node);
body {
background-color:#efefef;
}
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/p5.js/1.1.9/p5.js"></script>
<div id="p5-container"></div>
No messages, everything is working, I just want to know if I have to do so much arduous job...
If you don't need actual line coordinates (for plotting for example), I'd just make most out of createGraphics() to easily render shapes and lines into (taking advantage of the fact that get() returns a p5.Image) and p5.Image's mask() function.
Here's a basic example:
function setup() {
createCanvas(600, 300);
let w = 300;
let h = 150;
let spacing = 12;
let strokeWidth = 1;
const BLUE = color('#005398');
const YELLOW = color('#f9db44');
const RED = color('#dc1215');
bg = getLinesRect(w, h, RED, BLUE, spacing, strokeWidth, true);
fg = getLinesRect(w, h, RED, YELLOW, spacing, strokeWidth, false);
mask = getCircleMask(w, h, w * 0.5, h * 0.5, 100, 0);
image(bg, 0, 0);
image(fg, w, 0);
// render opaque mask (for visualisation only), mask() requires alpha channel
image(getCircleMask(w, h, w * 0.5, h * 0.5, 100, 255),0, h);
// apply mask
fg.mask(mask);
// render bg + masked fg
image(bg, w, h);
image(fg, w, h);
// text labels
noStroke();
fill(255);
text("bg layer", 9, 12);
text("fg layer", w + 9, 12);
text("mask", 9, h + 12);
text("bg + masked fg", w + 9, h + 12);
}
function getLinesRect(w, h, bg, fg, spacing, strokeWidth, isHorizontal){
let rect = createGraphics(w, h);
rect.background(bg);
rect.stroke(fg);
rect.strokeWeight(strokeWidth);
if(isHorizontal){
for(let y = 0 ; y < h; y += spacing){
rect.line(0, y + strokeWidth, w, y + strokeWidth);
}
}else{
for(let x = 0 ; x < w; x += spacing){
rect.line(x + strokeWidth, 0, x + strokeWidth, h);
}
}
// convert from p5.Graphics to p5.Image
return rect.get();
}
function getCircleMask(w, h, cx, cy, cs, opacity){
let mask = createGraphics(w, h);
// make background transparent (alpha is used for masking)
mask.background(0, opacity);
mask.noStroke();
mask.fill(255);
mask.circle(cx, cy, cs);
// convert p5.Graphics to p5.Image
return mask.get();
}
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/p5.js/1.1.9/p5.min.js"></script>
You can apply the same logic for the rest of the shapes:
function setup() {
createCanvas(1620, 590);
let compWidth = 500;
let compHeight = 250;
let compSpacing= 30;
let lineWeight = 1.5;
let lineSpacing = 12;
const BLUE = color('#005398');
const YELLOW = color('#f9db44');
const RED = color('#dc1215');
// yellow square
circleMask = getCircleMask(compWidth, compHeight, compWidth * 0.5, compHeight * 0.5, 210);
redCircle = getComposition(compWidth, compHeight, RED,
BLUE,
YELLOW,
lineSpacing, lineWeight, circleMask);
// red box
boxMask = getRectMask(compWidth, compHeight, (compWidth - 100) * 0.5, 20, 100, 210);
redBox = getComposition(compWidth, compHeight, RED,
YELLOW,
BLUE,
lineSpacing, lineWeight, boxMask);
// yellow square
squareMask = getRectMask(compWidth, compHeight, 144, 20, 210, 210);
yellowSquare = getComposition(compWidth, compHeight, YELLOW,
RED,
BLUE,
lineSpacing, lineWeight, squareMask);
// yellow trapeze
trapezeMask = getQuadMask(compWidth, compHeight, 200, 25, 200 + 115, 25,
150 + 220, 220, 150, 220);
yellowTrapeze = getComposition(compWidth, compHeight, YELLOW,
BLUE,
RED,
lineSpacing, lineWeight, trapezeMask);
// blue triangle
triangleMask = getTriangleMask(compWidth, compHeight, compWidth * 0.5, 25,
150 + 220, 220, 150, 220);
blueTriangle = getComposition(compWidth, compHeight, BLUE,
YELLOW,
RED,
lineSpacing, lineWeight, triangleMask);
// blue parallelogram
parallelogramMask = getQuadMask(compWidth, compHeight, 200, 25, 200 + 145, 25,
150 + 145, 220, 150, 220);
blueParallelogram = getComposition(compWidth, compHeight, BLUE,
RED,
YELLOW,
lineSpacing, lineWeight, parallelogramMask);
// render compositions
image(redCircle, compSpacing, compSpacing);
image(redBox, compSpacing, compSpacing + (compHeight + compSpacing));
image(yellowSquare, compSpacing + (compWidth + compSpacing), compSpacing);
image(yellowTrapeze, compSpacing + (compWidth + compSpacing), compSpacing + (compHeight + compSpacing));
image(blueTriangle, compSpacing + (compWidth + compSpacing) * 2, compSpacing);
image(blueParallelogram, compSpacing + (compWidth + compSpacing) * 2, compSpacing + (compHeight + compSpacing));
}
function getComposition(w, h, bgFill, bgStroke, fgStroke, spacing, strokeWidth, mask){
let comp = createGraphics(w, h);
bg = getLinesRect(w, h, bgFill, bgStroke, spacing, strokeWidth, true);
fg = getLinesRect(w, h, bgFill, fgStroke, spacing, strokeWidth, false);
// apply mask
fg.mask(mask);
// render to final output
comp.image(bg, 0, 0);
comp.image(fg, 0, 0);
return comp;
}
function getRectMask(w, h, rx, ry, rw, rh){
let mask = createGraphics(w, h);
// make background transparent (alpha is used for masking)
mask.background(0,0);
mask.noStroke();
mask.fill(255);
mask.rect(rx, ry, rw, rh);
// convert p5.Graphics to p5.Image
return mask.get();
}
function getCircleMask(w, h, cx, cy, cs){
let mask = createGraphics(w, h);
// make background transparent (alpha is used for masking)
mask.background(0,0);
mask.noStroke();
mask.fill(255);
mask.circle(cx, cy, cs);
// convert p5.Graphics to p5.Image
return mask.get();
}
function getQuadMask(w, h, x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, x4, y4){
let mask = createGraphics(w, h);
// make background transparent (alpha is used for masking)
mask.background(0,0);
mask.noStroke();
mask.fill(255);
mask.quad(x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, x4, y4);
// convert p5.Graphics to p5.Image
return mask.get();
}
function getTriangleMask(w, h, x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3){
let mask = createGraphics(w, h);
// make background transparent (alpha is used for masking)
mask.background(0,0);
mask.noStroke();
mask.fill(255);
mask.triangle(x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3);
// convert p5.Graphics to p5.Image
return mask.get();
}
function getLinesRect(w, h, bg, fg, spacing, strokeWidth, isHorizontal){
let rect = createGraphics(w, h);
rect.background(bg);
rect.stroke(fg);
rect.strokeWeight(strokeWidth);
if(isHorizontal){
for(let y = 0 ; y < h; y += spacing){
rect.line(0, y + strokeWidth, w, y + strokeWidth);
}
}else{
for(let x = 0 ; x < w; x += spacing){
rect.line(x + strokeWidth, 0, x + strokeWidth, h);
}
}
// convert from p5.Graphics to p5.Image
return rect.get();
}
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/p5.js/1.1.9/p5.min.js"></script>
Probably both rectangles and the triangle could've been drawn using getQuadMask() making good use of coordinates.
Note that I've just eye balled the shapes a bit so they're not going to be perfect, but it should be easy to tweak. Bare in mind the placement of the mask will have an effect of on how the vertical lines will align.
There are probably other ways to get the same visual effect.
For example, using texture() and textureWrap(REPEAT) with beginShape()/endShape(), using pixels for each line and checking intersections before changing direction and colours, etc.
In terms of generating lines for plotting I would start with horizontal lines, doing line to convex polygon intersection to determine where to stop the horizontal lines and start vertical lines. #AgniusVasiliauskas's answer(+1) is good for that approach.
Freya Holmér has a pretty nice visual explanation for the test.
You need linear algebra stuff, basically noticing how vertical line starting/ending Y coordinate changes in relation to line's X coordinate. And of course a lot of experimenting until you get something usable. Something like :
var w = 600
h = 600
sp = 15
var slides = [fcircle, fsquare, ftriangle, ftrapezoid, fparallelogram];
var active = 0;
var ms;
function blines(){
stroke(0);
for (var i=0; i < h; i+=sp) {
line(0,i,w,i);
}
}
function vertlines(calcline) {
for (var x=w/2-w/4+sp; x < w/2+w/4; x+=sp) {
var pnts = calcline(x);
line(pnts[0],pnts[1],pnts[2],pnts[3]);
}
}
function fcircle() {
// cut background
noStroke();
circle(w/2, h/2, w/2);
stroke('red');
// draw figure lines
let calc = function (x){
var sx = x-w/2;
var sy = h/2;
var ey = h/2;
sy += 137*sin(2.5+x/135);
ey -= 137*sin(2.5+x/135);
return [x,sy,x,ey];
}
vertlines(calc);
}
function fsquare() {
// cut background
noStroke();
quad(w/2-w/4, h/2-h/4, w/2+w/4, h/2-h/4,
w/2+w/4, h/2+h/4, w/2-w/4, h/2+h/4);
stroke('red');
// draw figure lines
let calc = function (x){
return [x,h/2-h/4,x,h/2+h/4];
}
vertlines(calc);
}
function ftriangle() {
// cut background
noStroke();
quad(w/2, h/2-h/4, w/2+w/4, h/2+h/4,
w/2-w/4, h/2+h/4, w/2, h/2-h/4);
stroke('red');
// draw figure lines
let calc = function (x){
var inpx = x > w/2 ? w-x : x;
var ys = h/2+h/4;
ys += -(0.3*inpx*log(inpx)-220);
return [x,ys,x,h/2+h/4];
}
vertlines(calc);
}
function ftrapezoid() {
// cut background
noStroke();
quad(w/2-w/10, h/2-h/4, w/2+w/10, h/2-h/4,
w/2+w/4, h/2+h/4, w/2-w/4, h/2+h/4);
stroke('red');
// draw figure lines
let calc = function (x){
var inpx = x > w/2 ? w-x : x;
var ys = h/2+h/4;
ys += -(0.55*inpx*log(inpx)-420);
if (x >= w/2-w/10 && x <= w/2+w/10) {
ys=h/2-h/4;
}
return [x,ys,x,h/2+h/4];
}
vertlines(calc);
}
function fparallelogram() {
// cut background
noStroke();
quad(w/2-w/10, h/2-h/4, w/2+w/7, h/2-h/4,
w/2, h/2+h/4, w/2-w/4, h/2+h/4);
stroke('red');
// draw figure lines
let calc = function (x){
// guard condition
if (x > w/2+w/7)
return [0,0,0,0];
var inpx = x > w/2 ? w-x : x;
var ys = h/2+h/4;
ys += -(0.55*inpx*log(inpx)-420);
var ye=h/2+h/4
if (x >= w/2-w/10) {
ys=h/2-h/4;
}
if (x > w/2) {
ye = h/2+h/4;
ye += 0.50*inpx*log(inpx)-870;
}
return [x,ys,x,ye];
}
vertlines(calc);
}
function setup() {
ms = millis();
createCanvas(w, h);
}
function draw() {
if (millis() - ms > 2000) {
ms = millis();
active++;
if (active > slides.length-1)
active = 0;
}
background('#D6EAF8');
fill('#D6EAF8');
blines();
slides[active]();
}
Slideshow DEMO
I have a way to do some of the shapes, but I am not sure about others. One way you could do it is if you know where every point on the outline of the shape is, you could just use a for loop and connect every other point from the top and bottom using the line or rect function. This would be relatively easy with shapes like squares and parallelograms, but I am not sure what functions could be used to get this for the points of a circle or trapezoid.
See more here: https://www.openprocessing.org/sketch/745383
I've tried many things, but all my attempts fails.
I need to resize a Gray image (2560x1440) to lower or higher resolution, then i need to set the bounds to the original size (2560x1440) but keep the resized image on the center.
I'm using EmguCV 4.3 and Mat, i tried many aproach and use of ROI on Mat constructor and a copyTo, but nothing work, it always set new Mat with the resized bounds
Example of the required:
Source image: (2560x1440)
50% resized, but keep same bounds as source (2560x1440)
300% resized, but keep same bounds as source (2560x1440)
Use WarpAffine to apply an affine transformation to the image. Using the transformation matrix you can apply scale and translate transformation. Rotation is also supported but not covered in my example. Translation values can also be negative.
The WrapAffine method has some more parameter with which you can play around.
public void Test()
{
var img = new Mat("Bmv60.png", ImreadModes.Grayscale);
Mat upscaled = GetContentScaled(img, 2.0, 0.5, 0, 0);
upscaled.Save("scaled1.png");
Mat downscaled = GetContentScaled(img, 0.5, 0.5, 0, 0);
downscaled.Save("scaled2.png");
}
private Mat GetContentScaled(Mat src, double xScale, double yScale, double xTrans, double yTrans, Inter interpolation = Inter.Linear)
{
var dst = new Mat(src.Size, src.Depth, src.NumberOfChannels);
var translateTransform = new Matrix<double>(2, 3)
{
[0, 0] = xScale, // xScale
[1, 1] = yScale, // yScale
[0, 2] = xTrans + (src.Width - src.Width * xScale) / 2.0, //x translation + compensation of x scaling
[1, 2] = yTrans + (src.Height - src.Height * yScale) / 2.0 // y translation + compensation of y scaling
};
CvInvoke.WarpAffine(src, dst, translateTransform, dst.Size, interpolation);
return dst;
}
I feel as if there should be a more elegant way to do this, however, I offer two extension methods:
static void CopyToCenter(this Image<Gray,byte> imgScr, Image<Gray, byte> imgDst)
{
int dx = (imgScr.Cols - imgDst.Cols) / 2;
int dy = (imgScr.Rows - imgDst.Rows) / 2;
byte[,,] scrData = imgScr.Data;
byte[,,] dstData = imgDst.Data;
for(int v = 0; v < imgDst.Rows; v++)
{
for (int u = 0; u < imgDst.Cols; u++)
{
dstData[v,u, 0] = scrData[v + dy, u + dx, 0];
}
}
}
static void CopyFromCenter(this Image<Gray, byte> imgDst, Image<Gray, byte> imgScr)
{
int dx = (imgDst.Cols - imgScr.Cols) / 2;
int dy = (imgDst.Rows - imgScr.Rows) / 2;
byte[,,] scrData = imgScr.Data;
byte[,,] dstData = imgDst.Data;
for (int v = 0; v < imgScr.Rows; v++)
{
for (int u = 0; u < imgScr.Cols; u++)
{
dstData[v + dy, u + dx, 0] = scrData[v, u, 0];
}
}
}
Which can use them like this:
static void Main(string[] args)
{
double scaleFactor = 0.8;
Image<Gray, byte> orginalImage = new Image<Gray, byte>("Bmv60.png");
Image<Gray, byte> scaledImage = orginalImage.Resize(scaleFactor, Inter.Linear);
Image<Gray, byte> outputImage = new Image<Gray, byte>(orginalImage.Size);
if(scaleFactor > 1)
{
scaledImage.CopyToCenter(outputImage);
}
else
{
outputImage.CopyFromCenter(scaledImage);
}
}
You didn't request a specific language, so I hope C# is useful.
How to remove the circle content of above image. The original image is showed below:
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
/**
* Helper function to find a cosine of angle between vectors
* from pt0->pt1 and pt0->pt2
*/
static double angle(cv::Point pt1, cv::Point pt2, cv::Point pt0)
{
double dx1 = pt1.x - pt0.x;
double dy1 = pt1.y - pt0.y;
double dx2 = pt2.x - pt0.x;
double dy2 = pt2.y - pt0.y;
return (dx1*dx2 + dy1*dy2) / sqrt((dx1*dx1 + dy1*dy1)*(dx2*dx2 + dy2*dy2) + 1e-10);
}
/**
* Helper function to display text in the center of a contour
*/
void setLabel(cv::Mat& im, const std::string label, std::vector<cv::Point>& contour)
{
int fontface = cv::FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX;
double scale = 0.4;
int thickness = 1;
int baseline = 0;
cv::Size text = cv::getTextSize(label, fontface, scale, thickness, &baseline);
cv::Rect r = cv::boundingRect(contour);
cv::Point pt(r.x + ((r.width - text.width) / 2), r.y + ((r.height + text.height) / 2));
cv::rectangle(im, pt + cv::Point(0, baseline), pt + cv::Point(text.width, -text.height), CV_RGB(255, 0, 255), CV_FILLED);
cv::putText(im, label, pt, fontface, scale, CV_RGB(0, 0, 0), thickness, 8);
}
int main()
{
//cv::Mat src = cv::imread("polygon.png");
Mat src = imread("3.bmp");//2.png 3.jpg
Mat src_copy;
src.copyTo(src_copy);
resize(src, src, cvSize(0, 0), 1, 1);
cout << "src type " << src.type() << endl;
Mat mask(src.size(), src.type(), Scalar(0));
if (src.empty())
return -1;
// Convert to grayscale
cv::Mat gray;
if (src.type() != CV_8UC1)
cv::cvtColor(src, gray, CV_BGR2GRAY);
// Use Canny instead of threshold to catch squares with gradient shading
cv::Mat bw;
cv::Canny(gray, bw, 0, 50, 5);
// Find contours
std::vector<std::vector<cv::Point> > contours;
cv::findContours(bw.clone(), contours, CV_RETR_LIST, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_NONE);
drawContours(src, contours, -1, Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2);
std::vector<cv::Point> approx;
cv::Mat dst = src.clone();
for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++)
{
// Approximate contour with accuracy proportional
// to the contour perimeter
cv::approxPolyDP(cv::Mat(contours[i]), approx, cv::arcLength(cv::Mat(contours[i]), true)*0.1, true);
// Skip small or non-convex objects
if (std::fabs(cv::contourArea(contours[i])) < 500 || !cv::isContourConvex(approx))
continue;
if (approx.size() == 3)
{
//setLabel(dst, "TRI", contours[i]); // Triangles
}
else if (approx.size() >= 4 && approx.size() <= 6)
{
// Number of vertices of polygonal curve
int vtc = approx.size();
// Get the cosines of all corners
std::vector<double> cos;
for (int j = 2; j < vtc + 1; j++)
cos.push_back(angle(approx[j%vtc], approx[j - 2], approx[j - 1]));
// Sort ascending the cosine values
std::sort(cos.begin(), cos.end());
// Get the lowest and the highest cosine
double mincos = cos.front();
double maxcos = cos.back();
// Use the degrees obtained above and the number of vertices
// to determine the shape of the contour
if (vtc == 4 && mincos >= -0.2 && maxcos <= 0.5)
{
Mat element = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(13, 13));
setLabel(dst, "RECT", contours[i]);
drawContours(mask, contours, i, Scalar(255, 255, 255), CV_FILLED);
dilate(mask, mask, element);
src_copy = src_copy - mask;
}
else if (vtc == 5 && mincos >= -0.34 && maxcos <= -0.27)
setLabel(dst, "PENTA", contours[i]);
else if (vtc == 6 && mincos >= -0.55 && maxcos <= -0.45)
setLabel(dst, "HEXA", contours[i]);
}
else
{
// Detect and label circles
double area = cv::contourArea(contours[i]);
cv::Rect r = cv::boundingRect(contours[i]);
int radius = r.width / 2;
if (std::abs(1 - ((double)r.width / r.height)) <= 0.2 &&
std::abs(1 - (area / (CV_PI * std::pow(radius, 2)))) <= 0.2)
setLabel(dst, "CIR", contours[i]);
}
}
//cv::imshow("src", src);
imwrite("mask.jpg", mask);
imwrite("src.jpg", src_copy);
imwrite("dst.jpg", dst);
cv::imshow("dst", dst);
cv::waitKey(0);
return 0;
}