Exception with text in Block -> Its Function -> Caller procedure way - oracle

Question

A procedure calls a function. It works with several tables, so I devided it to blocks. All blocks has its own exception section where the specific error message can be sent via e-mail.
Now I want to make the code cleaner and pass the exception in this order:
Block -> Its Function -> Caller Procedure
I can do it with 'raise' but in this case the caller procedure doesn't know where the exception came from.
Another solution I think is that the first block would use raise_application_error(User-Error-Id, 'Specific error message'). But in this case the original SQLCODE is hidden by raise_application_error.
How can I solve this?
I have something like this:
procedure main
...
begin
v_pcs := calc_pcs(parameters);
exception
When others then
dbms_output.put_line(SCLCODE || ' - ' || SQLERRM);
-- Here I'd like to read the part of the code where the exception happened
end;
funcion calc_pcs(
parameters
) as
begin
-- first block
begin
v_return := 5 / 0; -- just an example of an error
exception
when others then
raise -- How to add text to predefined exception. For example 'FirstBlock || SqlErrM'
end;
...
rest of the code contains additional blocks with their exception handling and
there is other code without blocks
...
return v_return;
Exception
when others then
raise;
end;
Thanks Sayan! Sorry, but I may have missed something important in my previous post, let me clarify.
I want to concatenate a placeholder text to the original predefined exception string of the start block, for example "First Block" || "divisor is equal to zero". Further exception handling would pass this along with the SQLCODE unchanged.

Answer 1

You can do like this:
declare
e1 exception;
e2 exception;
e3 exception;
pragma exception_init(e1, -20201);
pragma exception_init(e2, -20202);
pragma exception_init(e3, -20203);
procedure func ( x int, txt varchar2 ) is
begin
case x
when 1 then raise_application_error(-20201, 'x = ['||x||'] error text 1: ' || txt);
when 2 then raise_application_error(-20202, 'x = ['||x||'] error text 2: ' || txt);
when 3 then raise_application_error(-20203, 'x = ['||x||'] error text 3: ' || txt);
else null;
end case;
end func;
begin -- main block:
func(2, 'test');
exception
when e1 then
dbms_output.put_line('e1');
dbms_output.put_line(SQLCODE || ' - ' || SQLERRM);
when e2 then
dbms_output.put_line('e2');
dbms_output.put_line(SQLCODE || ' - ' || SQLERRM);
when e3 then
dbms_output.put_line('e3');
dbms_output.put_line(SQLCODE || ' - ' || SQLERRM);
end;
/
DBFiddle: https://dbfiddle.uk/s7HeZpNB
dbms_output:
e2
-20202 - ORA-20202: x = [2] error text 2: test