I need to convert a bunch of “dates” into a ISO8601 timestamp in the time zone assigned per record.
What I have that is working now is this:
TO_CHAR(TO_TIMESTAMP(TO_CHAR(mp.creation_date, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')) AT TIME ZONE WL.TIMEZONE_CODE, 'YYYY-MM-DD"T"HH24:MI:SS.ff3TZH:TZM')
This is fine, but have to do it on 20+ fields.
So I was wondering if it’s possible to create a local function, named something like TO_ISO8601(timestamp, time_zone). Almost like Common Table Expressions.
If I understood you correctly, this is what you have now (though, simplified somewhat so that you'd avoid (unnecessary) datatype conversions):
SQL> with
2 mp (creation_date) as
3 (select to_date('2022-11-19 10:17:32', 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') from dual),
4 wl (timezone_code) as
5 (select 'Europe/Zagreb' from dual)
6 select to_char(cast(creation_date as timestamp) at time zone wl.timezone_code,
7 'yyyy-mm-dd"T"hh24:mi:ss.ff3TZH:TZM') result
8 from mp cross join wl;
RESULT
-----------------------------
2022-11-19T10:17:32.000+01:00
If you create a function that accepts date value and timezone code:
SQL> create or replace function to_iso8601
2 (par_value in date, par_time_zone in varchar2)
3 return varchar2
4 is
5 begin
6 return to_char(cast(par_value as timestamp) at time zone par_time_zone,
7 'yyyy-mm-dd"T"hh24:mi:ss.ff3TZH:TZM');
8 end;
9 /
Function created.
you'd then use it as
SQL> with
2 mp (creation_date) as
3 (select to_date('2022-11-19 10:17:32', 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') from dual),
4 wl (timezone_code) as
5 (select 'Europe/Zagreb' from dual)
6 select to_iso8601(mp.creation_date, wl.timezone_code) as creation_date
7 from mp cross join wl;
CREATION_DATE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2022-11-19T10:17:32.000+01:00
SQL>
If you have a read-only access, then you won't be able to create a function. But, CTE (as you mentioned) comes into rescue!
SQL> with
2 function to_iso8601
3 (par_value in date, par_time_zone in varchar2)
4 return varchar2
5 is
6 begin
7 return to_char(cast(par_value as timestamp) at time zone par_time_zone,
8 'yyyy-mm-dd"T"hh24:mi:ss.ff3TZH:TZM');
9 end;
10 --
11 mp (creation_date) as
12 (select to_date('2022-11-19 10:17:32', 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') from dual),
13 wl (timezone_code) as
14 (select 'Europe/Zagreb' from dual)
15 select to_iso8601(mp.creation_date, wl.timezone_code) result
16 from mp cross join wl;
17 /
RESULT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2022-11-19T10:17:32.000+01:00
SQL>
Related
I was curious to see how in Oracle 12c you can take a timestamp datatype and convert the records into EPOCH time to make them a number and then use that number to find any records within that date column that are within 1 minute of each other (assuming the same day if needed, or simply any calculations within 1 minute).
I tried the following but got an ORA-01873: the leading precision of the interval is too small error.
select (sold_date - to_date('1970-01-01 00:00:00','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'))*86400 as epoch_sold_date from test1;
What is SOLD_DATE? For e.g. SYSDATE (function that returns DATE datatype), your code works OK.
SQL> select (sysdate
2 - to_date('1970-01-01 00:00:00','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
3 ) * 86400 as epoch_sold_date
4 from dual;
EPOCH_SOLD_DATE
---------------
1600807918
SQL>
As SOLD_DATE is a timestamp, but - it appears that fractions of a second aren't or special interest to you, cast it to DATE:
select (cast (systimestamp as date) --> this
- to_date('1970-01-01 00:00:00','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
) * 86400 as epoch_sold_date
from dual;
Saying that you get the same result for all rows: well, I don't, and you shouldn't either if SOLD_DATE differs.
SQL> with test (sold_date) as
2 (select timestamp '2020-09-22 00:00:00.000000' from dual union all
3 select timestamp '2015-03-18 00:00:00.000000' from dual
4 )
5 select sold_date,
6 (cast (sold_date as date)
7 - to_date('1970-01-01 00:00:00','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
8 ) * 86400 as epoch_sold_date
9 from test;
SOLD_DATE EPOCH_SOLD_DATE
------------------------------ ---------------
22.09.20 00:00:00,000000000 1600732800
18.03.15 00:00:00,000000000 1426636800
SQL>
One more edit: when you subtract two timestamps, result is interval day to second. If you extract minutes from it, you get what you wanted:
SQL> with test (sold_date) as
2 (select timestamp '2020-09-22 10:15:00.000000' from dual union all
3 select timestamp '2015-03-18 08:05:00.000000' from dual
4 )
5 select sold_date,
6 lead(sold_date) over (order by sold_date) next_sold_date,
7 --
8 lead(sold_date) over (order by sold_date) - sold_date diff,
9 --
10 extract(day from lead(sold_date) over (order by sold_date) - sold_date) diff_mins
11 from test
12 order by sold_date;
SOLD_DATE NEXT_SOLD_DATE DIFF DIFF_MINS
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ----------
18.03.15 08:05:00,000000000 22.09.20 10:15:00,000000000 +000002015 02:10:00.000000000 2015
22.09.20 10:15:00,000000000
SQL>
In your case, you'd check whether extracted minutes value is larger than 1 (minute).
If you just want to see how many minutes are there between two timestamps, then
cast them to dates
subtract those dates (and you'll get number of days)
multiply it by 24 (as there are 24 hours in a day) and by 60 (as there are 60 minutes in an hour)
Something like this:
SQL> with test (date_1, date_2) as
2 (select timestamp '2020-09-22 10:15:00.000000',
3 timestamp '2020-09-22 08:05:00.000000' from dual
4 )
5 select (cast(date_1 as date) - cast(date_2 as date)) * 24 * 60 diff_minutes
6 from test;
DIFF_MINUTES
------------
130
SQL>
If you are just looking to compare dates and find rows that are within one minute of each other, you do not need to use epoch time. There are several solutions to this problem on this thread.
I have a table abc as:
-- start_time |end_time | total_time_taken
-- 27.05.2020 00:52:48 |27.05.2020 02:08:33 |
I want to set the value of total_time_taken as the difference of end_time-start_time. in the format "HH:MM:SS".I searched the similar topic but didnot find the exact answer.
My expected output is like : 01:44:12 (HH:MM:SS)
So,i tried :
SELECT To_Char(end_time,'HH24:MM:SS'),To_Char(start_time,'HH24:MM:SS'),
To_Char(end_time,'HH24:MM:SS')-To_Char(start_time,'HH24:MM:SS') FROM abc;
The datatypes of start_time,end_time,total_time_taken is DATE.Please help me to find the solution.
If you cast those dates as timestamps, you can easily subtract them and see relatively nice result:
SQL> with test (st, et) as
2 (select to_date('27.05.2020 00:52:48', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss'),
3 to_date('27.05.2020 02:08:33', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss')
4 from dual
5 )
6 select cast(et as timestamp) - cast(st as timestamp) diff
7 from test;
DIFF
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+000000000 01:15:45.000000
SQL>
If you want to format it as you wanted (note that mm format mask is for months; mi is for minutes), then you could do some extracting - again from timestamp (won't work for date):
SQL> with test (st, et) as
2 (select to_date('27.05.2020 00:52:48', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss'),
3 to_date('27.05.2020 02:08:33', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss')
4 from dual
5 ),
6 diff as
7 (select cast(et as timestamp) - cast(st as timestamp) diff
8 from test
9 )
10 select extract(hour from diff) ||':'||
11 extract(minute from diff) ||':'||
12 extract(second from diff) diff
13 from diff;
DIFF
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1:15:45
SQL>
You can further make it pretty (e.g. two digits for hours, using LPAD function). Or, you can even write your own function which will actually work on difference of DATE datatype values, do some calculations (using trunc function, subtractions, whatnot), but the above looks pretty elegant if compared to a home-made function.
The answer by Littlefoot is perfectly fine. This answer is just to show there is more than one way to get the result.
First, we can subtract one date from another and get the difference in days, then convert that difference to an interval.
with test (st, et) as
(select to_date('27.05.2020 00:52:48', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss'),
to_date('27.05.2020 02:08:33', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss')
from dual
)
select numtodsinterval(et-st, 'day') diff
from test;
Then, since we can't control interval formatting directly, we can add DIFF to an arbitrary date and then use built-in date formatting.
with test (st, et) as
(select to_date('27.05.2020 00:52:48', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss'),
to_date('27.05.2020 02:08:33', 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss')
from dual
)
select to_char(date '1-1-1' + numtodsinterval(et-st, 'day'), 'hh24:mi:ss') diff
from test;
DIFF
--------
01:15:45
I'm trying to generate a Random String using PL/SQL with only 2 fixed words. It's this possible?
Is this what you're looking for?
SQL> with
2 -- two fixed words
3 test as
4 (select 'fixed words' col from dual),
5 -- split them to rows
6 inter as
7 (select level lvl, regexp_substr(col, '.', 1, level) let
8 from test
9 connect by level <= length(col)
10 )
11 -- aggregate them back, randomly
12 select listagg(let, '') within group (order by dbms_random.value(1, max_lvl)) result
13 from inter
14 join (select max(lvl) max_lvl from inter) on 1 = 1;
RESULT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
reiosdwxf d
SQL> /
RESULT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
fe ixoddrws
SQL> /
RESULT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
wdxeorsdfi
SQL>
I want to migrate a table which contains some columns with dates. The issue is my dates are often in dd/mm/yyyyy HH24:MM:YYYY format. But sometimes it appears that the format is only dd/mm/yyyy, or blank.
I guess that's why I'm getting ORA-01830 when I'm trying to migrate the datas.
I tried
CASE
WHEN TO_DATE(MYDATE,'DD/MM/YYYY')
then TO_DATE(MYDATE,'DD/MM/YYYY 00:00:00')
END AS MYDATE
But I'm not sure if it is possible to test the date format (and ofcourse it's not working).
Thank you
TO_DATE cannot test date format, but you can do it. If Lalit's answer would not be enough, try something like
select
case when my_date like '__/__/__' then to_date(my_date, 'dd/mm/yy')
when my_date like '__-__-__' then to_date(my_date, 'dd-mm-yy')
...
end
So you have the data type issue. DATE is stored as string literal. As you have mentioned that the date model has the DD/MM/YYYY part same, just that the time portion is either missing for some rows or the entire value is NULL.
For example, let's say your table have the values like -
SQL> WITH dates AS(
2 SELECT 1 num, '29/12/2014 16:38:57' dt FROM dual UNION ALL
3 SELECT 2, '29/12/2014' FROM dual UNION ALL
4 SELECT 3, NULL FROM dual
5 )
6 SELECT num, dt
7 FROM dates
8 /
NUM DT
---------- -------------------
1 29/12/2014 16:38:57
2 29/12/2014
3
SQL>
TO_DATE with proper format model should do the trick.
Let's stick to a format model first.
SQL> alter session set nls_date_format='dd/mm/yyyy hh24:mi:ss';
Session altered.
Now, let's use TO_DATE to explicitly convert the string literal to date.
SQL> WITH dates AS(
2 SELECT 1 num, '29/12/2014 16:38:57' dt FROM dual UNION ALL
3 SELECT 2, '29/12/2014' FROM dual UNION ALL
4 SELECT 3, NULL FROM dual
5 )
6 SELECT num, to_date(dt, 'dd/mm/yyyy hh24:mi:ss') dt
7 FROM dates
8 /
NUM DT
---------- -------------------
1 29/12/2014 16:38:57
2 29/12/2014 00:00:00
3
SQL>
Hi I am working on oracle DB. The DB has one column date. It consists of the dates of 5 years with the dates model will be refreshed. Ex
DATE_TABLE
DATE
------------
1-jan-2013
15-jan-2013
31-jan-2013
6-feb-2013
etc.........
now for today's date suppose 13th jan 2013. The next refresh date will be 15th jan. and previous refresh date is 1st jan. to retrieve these two dates. Can i have any way without using PL/SQL. using regular select queries?. Thanks in advance
There are two functions LAG() (allows you to reference previous record) and LEAD() allows you to reference next record. Here is an example:
SQL> with t1(col) as(
2 select '1-jan-2013' from dual union all
3 select '15-jan-2013' from dual union all
4 select '31-jan-2013' from dual union all
5 select '6-feb-2013' from dual
6 )
7 select col as current_value
8 , lag(col, 1) over(order by col) as prev_value
9 , lead(col, 1) over(order by col)as next_value
10 from t1
11 ;
Result:
CURRENT_VALUE PREV_VALUE NEXT_VALUE
------------- ----------- -----------
1-jan-2013 NULL 15-jan-2013
15-jan-2013 1-jan-2013 31-jan-2013
31-jan-2013 15-jan-2013 6-feb-2013
6-feb-2013 31-jan-2013 NULL
We can simply use the below query, plain and simple. No need of pl/sql
SELECT MIN(DATE) FROM DATE_TABLE WHERE DATE > SYSDATE ;